Analysis of evolutionary imprints among the gut bacteria in phytobiotic supplemented Gallus gallus domesticus

Abstract

The gut microbiota is an essential part of metabolism, assists in the breakdown of complex carbohydrates, proteins and lipids that enter into the digestive tract. Numerous microbial metabolites thus produced can have local and systemic effects which may influence health positively or negatively. The microbial population's dominance in the gut depends on the number of compounds present in the organ. Hence we have focused on analyzing the role of Moringa oleifera as phytobiotic supplementation in enhancing the beneficial gut microbiota in chicken models. Probiotics improve gut health in chickens through several mechanisms, including tight junction enhancement, nutrient uptake, niche colonization and co-aggregation with enteropathogens. The bacteria from the gut samples obtained from M.oleifera treated chickens were analyzed for various standard morphological and biochemical tests, genotypic classification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and evaluation of evolutionary marks among the gut bacteria to determine whether they fit the criteria for probiotic traits. A variety of the consequences of beneficial gut microorganisms for hosts could attribute to bacterial communities' processes and the host's capacity for influencing the same processes. According to our study, phylogenetic analysis and taxonomy of the host significantly shape the intestinal flora across a range of host taxonomic levels. However, host ecology (i.e., diet) can further alter these gut flora, particularly in the case of many closely related host species.