Potential of Leaves of Eighteen Cultivars of Ficus carica as Antioxidants and Profiling of Phenolic Compounds as an Active Molecules

Q4 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI:10.22034/IJPS.2019.43106
P. Akhtar, Z. Yaakob, Yunus Ahmed, M. Shahinuzzaman, M. Contreras
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Ficus carica is a worldwide important crop. Its different parts such as leaves, stem barks, fruit and roots are used in traditional medicine from ancient age to treat the various diseases. In this research, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, yield of extract and profiling of phenolic compounds of maturated leaves of different cultivars of F. carica were investigated by using two different extraction processes: ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and maceration. The total phenolic content (TPC) was calculated by using Folin-Ciocalteu assay, while DPPH and ABTS assays were used for analysed the antioxidant capacity. Additionally, liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) was used to study the individual phenolic compounds present in leaves. Using DPPH assay, the percentages of inhibition and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity were found to vary from 66.19 ± 1.01 to 87.06 ± 0.93 % and 53.67 ± 0.81 to 70.25 ± 0.74 mg TE/g DL, respectively, for extracts obtained by maceration. In the case of ultrasonication extraction, these values ranged from 72.84 ± 1.26 to 92.04 ± 1.24 % and 60.73 ± 0.92 to 74.19 ± 0.99 mg TE/g dry leaves (DL). While ABTS assay the latter parameters were found to vary from 96.61 ± 0.22 to 99.33 ± 0.23 % and 56.81 ± 0.12 to 58.32 ± 0.13 mg TE/g DL for maceration, as well as from 97.82 ± 0.23 to 99.79 ± 0.13 % and 57.48 ± 0.13 to 58.57 ± 0.07 mg TE/g DL for ultrasonication extraction. The total phenolic contents varied between 10.70 ± 0.20 to 21.18 ± 0.68 mg GAE/g DL, and 12.94 ± 0.23 to 23.04 ± 0.30 mg GAE/g DL, respectively for the latter extraction processes. The percentages of yields varied from 7.20 ± 0.20% to 13.05 ± 0.23% and 8.25 ± 0.25% to 15.20 ± 0.20 %, respectively, for maceration and ultrasonication extraction. In conclusion, extracts from leaves of F. carica obtained by UAE process showed the highest antioxidant activity, phenolic contents and extraction yields as compared to maceration process. In comparison amongst the leaves, the ‘Violette solise’ cultivar showed the highest antioxidant activity and contain highest phenolic contents. Finally, the extract of this cultivar contained phenolic acids (dihydroxybenzoic acid di-pentoside, caffeic acid, caffeoylmalic acid, coumaroylmalic acid, ferulic acid malate, and psoralic acid glucoside), C-glycosides flavones, rutin and prenylgenistein.
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18个榕树品种叶片的抗氧化潜力及酚类化合物的活性分析
无花果是一种世界性的重要作物。它的不同部位,如叶、茎皮、果实和根,自古以来就被传统医学用于治疗各种疾病。本研究采用超声辅助提取(UAE)和浸渍两种不同的提取工艺,研究了不同品种卡肋藻成熟叶片的总酚含量、抗氧化活性、提取率和酚类化合物的特征。总酚含量(TPC)通过Folin-Ciocalteu测定法计算,而DPPH和ABTS测定法用于分析抗氧化能力。此外,还采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术对叶片中的酚类化合物进行了研究。使用DPPH测定法,发现通过浸渍获得的提取物的抑制百分比和Trolox等效抗氧化能力分别在66.19±1.01至87.06±0.93%和53.67±0.81至70.25±0.74 mg TE/g DL之间变化。在超声提取的情况下,这些值的范围为72.84±1.26至92.04±1.24%和60.73±0.92至74.19±0.99 mg TE/g干叶(DL)。而ABTS分析发现,后一个参数在浸渍的96.61±0.22至99.33±0.23%和56.81±0.12至58.32±0.13 mg TE/g DL之间变化,在超声提取的97.82±0.23至99.79±0.13%和57.48±0.13至58.57±0.07 mg TE/gDL之间变化。后一种提取工艺的总酚含量分别在10.70±0.20至21.18±0.68 mg GAE/g DL和12.94±0.23至23.04±0.30 mg GAE/g DL之间。浸渍和超声提取的产率分别为7.20±0.20%至13.05±0.23%和8.25±0.25%至15.20±0.20%。总之,与浸渍工艺相比,UAE工艺获得的卡肋藻叶提取物具有最高的抗氧化活性、酚类含量和提取率。在叶片之间的比较中,“Violette solise”品种表现出最高的抗氧化活性,并含有最高的酚类含量。最后,该品种的提取物含有酚酸(二羟基苯甲酸二戊糖苷、咖啡酸、咖啡酰基苹果酸、香豆酰苹果酸、阿魏酸-苹果酸和补骨脂酸-葡萄糖苷)、C-糖苷黄酮、芦丁和异戊烯基染料木素。
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来源期刊
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmaceutical Science
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
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期刊介绍: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IJPS) is an open access, internationally peer-reviewed journal that seeks to publish research articles in different pharmaceutical sciences subdivisions: pharmacology and toxicology, nanotechnology, pharmaceutics, natural products, biotechnology, pharmaceutical chemistry, clinical pharmacy and other pharmacy related topics. Each issue of the journal contents 16 outstanding research articles in area of pharmaceutical sciences plus an editorial written by the IJPS editors on one of the most up to date advances topics in pharmacy. All articles published by IJPS would be permanently accessible online freely without any subscription charges. Authors of the published articles have granted the right to use and disseminate their article to third parties.
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