Causas asociadas a la deserción escolar en educación superior. Una revisión sistemática del 2010 al 2020

Abstract

The objective of this research is to make a systematic review of research carried out from 2010 to 2020 where mention is made of the causes of dropout in Higher Education. Collecting the information through a documentary review by the different authors consulted for this research. In order to identify the causes of school dropout, at the University. This review was carried out in a period from 2010 to 2020 with the keywords of school dropout, lag, failure and academic performance. The databases consulted were SciELO, national repository cti.mx, Eric, Redalyc, dialnet, academic google, where keywords were used in thesauri, related to each of the concepts to be investigated. Searches were conducted in English and Spanish, in the areas of psychology, education, and social sciences. The methodological approach is qualitative and descriptive. Resulting in 15 articles that show the relationship of each of the aforementioned concepts with attrition, out of a total of 35 articles selected from the consulted databases that showed information regarding said problems. Some of the causes of the desertion of young university students have been based on the survival model, making it known that the desertion is related to the degree in which they are studying. Pedagogical variables were also identified, in several of these investigations they concluded that the first year of university is the most complex for these young people, hence the importance of tutorials, there are also other important causes such as social origin, gender, ethnicity, nationality or the family situation