Weed wide web: characterising illegal online trade of invasive plants in Australia

IF 3.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Neobiota Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI:10.3897/neobiota.87.104472
Jacob Maher, O. Stringham, Stephanie Moncayo, Lisa Wood, Charlotte R. Lassaline, J. Virtue, P. Cassey
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Invasive plants seriously impact our environmental, agricultural and forestry assets, and the ornamental plant trade is a major introduction pathway. The variety and extent of the ornamental plant trade is growing in reach and is increasingly facilitated by the internet (i.e., through e-commerce). A lack of surveillance and regulation of e-commerce has resulted in invasive species being widely traded on these platforms. Here, we investigated the extent of illegal trade in invasive plant species in Australia by collecting advertisements found on a popular public e-commerce website. Across a 12-month period we collected a total of 235,162 plant advertisements. From 10,000 of these advertisements (4.25% of total advertisements) we found 155 plant taxa advertised online that were prohibited to trade in at least one Australian State or Territory (12.5% of Australia’s total prohibited plant taxa). We detected 1,415 instances of invasive plants advertised, of which 411 breached local jurisdictional (i.e., State or Territory) laws. Opuntia cacti and invasive aquatic plants were traded in the greatest quantities. A variety of uses for plants prohibited to trade were reported by the sellers, with aquatic uses being the most popular (i.e., water filtering and habitat for aquatic animals). We used generalised linear mixed-effects models to test the effect of prohibiting the sale of invasive plants on the quantity and price of online advertisements. Despite Australia’s strict internal biosecurity regulations, we found that trade prohibitions had no influence on the quantity and price of trade in illegal invasive plants. Given this, and the extent of illegal invasive plants traded, we believe increased monitoring and regulation of online plant trade is warranted. We demonstrate that targeted searches using string matching is an effective tool for detecting e-commerce trade of invasive species. However, to obtain the most optimal outcomes, regulations should be coupled with increased cooperation from e-commerce platforms and public awareness campaigns. Future weed risk assessments should consider online trade as a key factor in the long-distance dispersal and propagule pressure of a plant. Jurisdictions would also benefit from greater alignment on plant trade prohibitions and revision of associated compliance policies.
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杂草网:澳大利亚入侵植物非法网上交易的特点
入侵植物严重影响我们的环境、农业和林业资产,观赏植物贸易是主要的引进途径。观赏植物贸易的种类和范围越来越广,互联网(即通过电子商务)也越来越便利。由于缺乏对电子商务的监督和监管,入侵物种在这些平台上被广泛交易。在这里,我们通过收集流行的公共电子商务网站上的广告,调查了澳大利亚入侵植物物种的非法贸易程度。在12个月的时间里,我们总共收集了235162个植物广告。从这些广告中的10000个(占总广告的4.25%),我们发现155个在网上广告的植物分类群在至少一个澳大利亚州或地区被禁止交易(占澳大利亚被禁止植物分类群总数的12.5%)。我们检测到1415例广告中的入侵植物,其中411例违反了当地管辖(即州或地区)法律。仙人掌和入侵水生植物的交易量最大。卖家报告了禁止交易的植物的各种用途,其中水生用途最受欢迎(即滤水和水生动物栖息地)。我们使用广义线性混合效应模型来测试禁止销售入侵植物对网络广告数量和价格的影响。尽管澳大利亚有严格的内部生物安全法规,但我们发现贸易禁令对非法入侵植物的贸易数量和价格没有影响。鉴于此,以及非法入侵植物交易的程度,我们认为有必要加强对在线植物交易的监测和监管。我们证明,使用字符串匹配的定向搜索是检测入侵物种电子商务交易的有效工具。然而,为了获得最佳结果,监管应与电子商务平台和公众宣传活动的加强合作相结合。未来的杂草风险评估应将在线交易视为植物远距离扩散和繁殖压力的关键因素。各管辖区还将受益于植物贸易禁令的更大一致性和相关合规政策的修订。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Neobiota
Neobiota Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
7.80%
发文量
0
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: NeoBiota is a peer-reviewed, open-access, rapid online journal launched to accelerate research on alien species and biological invasions: aquatic and terrestrial, animals, plants, fungi and micro-organisms. The journal NeoBiota is a continuation of the former NEOBIOTA publication series; for volumes 1-8 see http://www.oekosys.tu-berlin.de/menue/neobiota All articles are published immediately upon editorial approval. All published papers can be freely copied, downloaded, printed and distributed at no charge for the reader. Authors are thus encouraged to post the pdf files of published papers on their homepages or elsewhere to expedite distribution. There is no charge for color.
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