Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.94.122939
Calum MacNeil, Robin Holmes, E. Challies, Kiely McFarlane, Jason Arnold
Invasive non-native species (INNS) are key drivers of global biodiversity loss. This is particularly evident in freshwater ecosystems, where the rates of both vertebrate biodiversity loss and biological invasion exceed those of marine and terrestrial systems. Aotearoa New Zealand (henceforth Aotearoa) like many other island nations, has a troubled history with NNS. However, it is also unique, as the main islands were the last major landmasses on Earth to remain uninhabited by humans. The endemic fauna had evolved in isolation from any anthropogenic influence or introduced NNS, until the mid-thirteenth century with the arrival of Māori, the first people to inhabit Aotearoa. Centuries later, following European colonisation, many non-native freshwater fish were deliberately introduced by acclimatisation societies. Currently, most of the native freshwater fish species of Aotearoa are at risk of extinction, despite almost 90% of these being found nowhere else on earth. Many of these species are highly valued by the indigenous people of Aotearoa, who have repeatedly highlighted biases towards NNS in freshwater fish management. With the rate of biological invasions increasing, it is timely to address interconnected issues concerning the history, impacts, management and current / future policy directions, including those involving biosecurity, for non-native freshwater fish in Aotearoa. We do this by applying a social-ecological systems (SES) lens, with a focus on causal-loop relationships and feedbacks to improve understanding of the dynamics of drivers, mechanisms and impacts of such invasions. We highlight the tensions that have resulted from managing some NNS as ‘pests’ threatening native biodiversity, while simultaneously promoting a tourism and recreational fishery resource for specific NNS. This has generated extremely polarized views on the ‘status’ of non-native freshwater fish species and given rise to contradictory and divergent goals for their management. We show how a disjointed and often incoherent policy landscape has contributed to legal ‘anomalies’ for NNS, including policy misalignments and gaps, hampering effective use of resources, while also entrenching contradictory management programmes for different stakeholders. Our study shows how these interconnected issues have been manifested in social-ecological feedback loops on core aspects of NNS policy and management, past and present. Consequently, there is a need for increased comprehension of the diverse array of potential impacts of NNS for different environments, stakeholders and Māori while developing coherent and practical management methods to reduce such impacts and improve social-ecological resilience. We conclude that adopting a SES approach will aid this endeavour.
{"title":"Strangers in a strange land; freshwater fish introductions, impacts, management and socio-ecological feedbacks in a small island nation – the case of Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Calum MacNeil, Robin Holmes, E. Challies, Kiely McFarlane, Jason Arnold","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.94.122939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.94.122939","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive non-native species (INNS) are key drivers of global biodiversity loss. This is particularly evident in freshwater ecosystems, where the rates of both vertebrate biodiversity loss and biological invasion exceed those of marine and terrestrial systems. Aotearoa New Zealand (henceforth Aotearoa) like many other island nations, has a troubled history with NNS. However, it is also unique, as the main islands were the last major landmasses on Earth to remain uninhabited by humans. The endemic fauna had evolved in isolation from any anthropogenic influence or introduced NNS, until the mid-thirteenth century with the arrival of Māori, the first people to inhabit Aotearoa. Centuries later, following European colonisation, many non-native freshwater fish were deliberately introduced by acclimatisation societies. Currently, most of the native freshwater fish species of Aotearoa are at risk of extinction, despite almost 90% of these being found nowhere else on earth. Many of these species are highly valued by the indigenous people of Aotearoa, who have repeatedly highlighted biases towards NNS in freshwater fish management. With the rate of biological invasions increasing, it is timely to address interconnected issues concerning the history, impacts, management and current / future policy directions, including those involving biosecurity, for non-native freshwater fish in Aotearoa. We do this by applying a social-ecological systems (SES) lens, with a focus on causal-loop relationships and feedbacks to improve understanding of the dynamics of drivers, mechanisms and impacts of such invasions. We highlight the tensions that have resulted from managing some NNS as ‘pests’ threatening native biodiversity, while simultaneously promoting a tourism and recreational fishery resource for specific NNS. This has generated extremely polarized views on the ‘status’ of non-native freshwater fish species and given rise to contradictory and divergent goals for their management. We show how a disjointed and often incoherent policy landscape has contributed to legal ‘anomalies’ for NNS, including policy misalignments and gaps, hampering effective use of resources, while also entrenching contradictory management programmes for different stakeholders. Our study shows how these interconnected issues have been manifested in social-ecological feedback loops on core aspects of NNS policy and management, past and present. Consequently, there is a need for increased comprehension of the diverse array of potential impacts of NNS for different environments, stakeholders and Māori while developing coherent and practical management methods to reduce such impacts and improve social-ecological resilience. We conclude that adopting a SES approach will aid this endeavour.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.94.120644
Alice Misuri, Eugenia Siccardi, Michele Mugnai, R. Benesperi, Francesca Giannini, M. Giunti, Lorenzo Lazzaro
Invasive alien plant species are among the major drivers of change in natural ecosystems; therefore, their eradication or control is a common and effective conservation tool to reverse biodiversity loss. The LIFE LETSGO GIGLIO project was implemented with the objective of controlling the invasion of Carpobrotus spp., among the most threatening invasive alien species in Mediterranean ecosystems, on the Island of Giglio (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy). The management of Carpobrotus spp. was conducted across an area of approximately 33,000 m2 of coastal habitats. The main intervention was conducted during the winter of 2021–2022, primarily through manual removal, with a limited use of mulching sheets. Subsequent years saw the continued removal of seedlings. We monitored the habitats of vegetated sea cliffs and coastal garrigues (both protected under Directive 92/43/EEC), as these were the two habitats most affected by the control actions. A total of 24 permanent plots were sampled annually from 2020 to 2023 in a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design. We analysed the variation pre- and post-removal of Carpobrotus spp. cover and litter and of native plant cover and diversity, as well as the changes in the composition of native plant communities. Our results show that already two years after the main intervention of removal, thus in the short term, the community’s composition shifted considerably towards the pre-invasion set of species. This recovery was also evident in terms of diversity indices, although the impact of Carpobrotus spp. on ecological parameters (mainly soil) favoured nitrophilous species. Furthermore, we highlight the need for yearly removal of Carpobrotus spp. seedlings for the next 5–10 years, in order to continue promoting the recovery of native communities.
{"title":"Evidence of short-term response of rocky cliffs vegetation after removal of invasive alien Carpobrotus spp.","authors":"Alice Misuri, Eugenia Siccardi, Michele Mugnai, R. Benesperi, Francesca Giannini, M. Giunti, Lorenzo Lazzaro","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.94.120644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.94.120644","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive alien plant species are among the major drivers of change in natural ecosystems; therefore, their eradication or control is a common and effective conservation tool to reverse biodiversity loss. The LIFE LETSGO GIGLIO project was implemented with the objective of controlling the invasion of Carpobrotus spp., among the most threatening invasive alien species in Mediterranean ecosystems, on the Island of Giglio (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy). The management of Carpobrotus spp. was conducted across an area of approximately 33,000 m2 of coastal habitats. The main intervention was conducted during the winter of 2021–2022, primarily through manual removal, with a limited use of mulching sheets. Subsequent years saw the continued removal of seedlings.\u0000 We monitored the habitats of vegetated sea cliffs and coastal garrigues (both protected under Directive 92/43/EEC), as these were the two habitats most affected by the control actions. A total of 24 permanent plots were sampled annually from 2020 to 2023 in a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design. We analysed the variation pre- and post-removal of Carpobrotus spp. cover and litter and of native plant cover and diversity, as well as the changes in the composition of native plant communities.\u0000 Our results show that already two years after the main intervention of removal, thus in the short term, the community’s composition shifted considerably towards the pre-invasion set of species. This recovery was also evident in terms of diversity indices, although the impact of Carpobrotus spp. on ecological parameters (mainly soil) favoured nitrophilous species. Furthermore, we highlight the need for yearly removal of Carpobrotus spp. seedlings for the next 5–10 years, in order to continue promoting the recovery of native communities.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.94.122496
I. Czeglédi, A. Specziár, Bálint Preiszner, G. Boros, Bálint Bánó, A. Mozsár, Péter Takács, T. Erős
The introduction and spread of alien fish species pose a major threat to native communities and ecosystem functioning in freshwaters. Black bullhead is one of the most successful invaders in European waters with several detrimental effects on native biota and ecosystems. In this study, we used stable isotope analysis to compare the body size and season-dependent diet, trophic position, isotopic niche size, and niche overlap of the invasive black bullhead with two native fish species (roach and European perch) in Lake Balaton, Hungary. We found that black bullhead could be characterized by invertivore-piscivorous feeding habit with a high rate of fish consumption. The rate of fish predation by invasive black bullhead increased with body size, while no seasonal differences were observed in fish consumption. Contrary to our hypothesis, little evidence of actual feeding competition was found between black bullhead and native fishes. Our results suggest that the studied species assimilate distinct energy resources in different proportions leading to a substantial amount of niche partitioning among them. We conclude that black bullhead may represent a threat for native, small-sized fishes primarily through predation and recommend urgent management actions (e.g. selective removal of the species) to minimize its adverse impacts on native communities.
{"title":"Stable isotope analysis reveals diet niche partitioning between native species and the invasive black bullhead (Ameiurus melas Rafinesque, 1820)","authors":"I. Czeglédi, A. Specziár, Bálint Preiszner, G. Boros, Bálint Bánó, A. Mozsár, Péter Takács, T. Erős","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.94.122496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.94.122496","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction and spread of alien fish species pose a major threat to native communities and ecosystem functioning in freshwaters. Black bullhead is one of the most successful invaders in European waters with several detrimental effects on native biota and ecosystems. In this study, we used stable isotope analysis to compare the body size and season-dependent diet, trophic position, isotopic niche size, and niche overlap of the invasive black bullhead with two native fish species (roach and European perch) in Lake Balaton, Hungary. We found that black bullhead could be characterized by invertivore-piscivorous feeding habit with a high rate of fish consumption. The rate of fish predation by invasive black bullhead increased with body size, while no seasonal differences were observed in fish consumption. Contrary to our hypothesis, little evidence of actual feeding competition was found between black bullhead and native fishes. Our results suggest that the studied species assimilate distinct energy resources in different proportions leading to a substantial amount of niche partitioning among them. We conclude that black bullhead may represent a threat for native, small-sized fishes primarily through predation and recommend urgent management actions (e.g. selective removal of the species) to minimize its adverse impacts on native communities.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.94.119307
Lise Thouvenot, Olga Ferlian, Lotte Horn, M. Jochum, Nico Eisenhauer
Although belowground invasive species are probably equally widespread and as important as their aboveground counterparts, they remain understudied, and their impacts are likely to be stronger when these invaders act as ecosystem engineers and differ functionally from native species. This is the case in regions historically devoid of native earthworms, such as parts of northern North America, which are now experiencing an invasion by European earthworms. Although invasive earthworms have been reported to have multiple consequences for native communities and ecosystem functioning, this knowledge is mostly based on observational studies, and the mechanisms underlying their cascading impacts need to be investigated. Here, we thus investigated the sequence of events, i.e., ecological cascades following earthworm invasion, that have rarely been studied before, in a two-year field experiment. We expected that the changes in soil abiotic properties observed following invasion would coincide with changes in plant community diversity and community trait composition, as well as in alterations in above- and belowground ecosystem functions. To test these hypotheses, we set up a field experiment that ran for two years in a forest in Alberta (Canada) to investigate soil properties and understory plant community composition in response to invasive earthworms. Our study shows that invasive European earthworms alter several soil abiotic properties (i.e., soil nutrient content, and pH) after two years of experiment. Invasive earthworm effects varied with soil depth for some soil properties (i.e., soil pH, water-stable aggregates, nitrogen, and microbial basal respiration), but we did not find any significant earthworm effect on soil water content, bulk density, or the total soil microbial biomass independently of the soil layer. Moreover, invasive earthworms did not affect plant community composition and only slightly affected community diversity in this short-term experiment. The minor changes observed in plant functional group composition are thus potentially the first signs of invasive-earthworm effects on plant communities. Our research provides experimental evidence that previously reported observational effects of invasive earthworms on soil properties are indeed causal and already significant after two years of invasion. These changes in soil properties are likely to have cascading effects on plant community composition, functional diversity, and ecosystem functioning, but such effects may take longer than two years to materialize.
{"title":"Effects of earthworm invasion on soil properties and plant diversity after two years of field experiment","authors":"Lise Thouvenot, Olga Ferlian, Lotte Horn, M. Jochum, Nico Eisenhauer","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.94.119307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.94.119307","url":null,"abstract":"Although belowground invasive species are probably equally widespread and as important as their aboveground counterparts, they remain understudied, and their impacts are likely to be stronger when these invaders act as ecosystem engineers and differ functionally from native species. This is the case in regions historically devoid of native earthworms, such as parts of northern North America, which are now experiencing an invasion by European earthworms. Although invasive earthworms have been reported to have multiple consequences for native communities and ecosystem functioning, this knowledge is mostly based on observational studies, and the mechanisms underlying their cascading impacts need to be investigated. Here, we thus investigated the sequence of events, i.e., ecological cascades following earthworm invasion, that have rarely been studied before, in a two-year field experiment. We expected that the changes in soil abiotic properties observed following invasion would coincide with changes in plant community diversity and community trait composition, as well as in alterations in above- and belowground ecosystem functions. To test these hypotheses, we set up a field experiment that ran for two years in a forest in Alberta (Canada) to investigate soil properties and understory plant community composition in response to invasive earthworms.\u0000 Our study shows that invasive European earthworms alter several soil abiotic properties (i.e., soil nutrient content, and pH) after two years of experiment. Invasive earthworm effects varied with soil depth for some soil properties (i.e., soil pH, water-stable aggregates, nitrogen, and microbial basal respiration), but we did not find any significant earthworm effect on soil water content, bulk density, or the total soil microbial biomass independently of the soil layer. Moreover, invasive earthworms did not affect plant community composition and only slightly affected community diversity in this short-term experiment. The minor changes observed in plant functional group composition are thus potentially the first signs of invasive-earthworm effects on plant communities.\u0000 Our research provides experimental evidence that previously reported observational effects of invasive earthworms on soil properties are indeed causal and already significant after two years of invasion. These changes in soil properties are likely to have cascading effects on plant community composition, functional diversity, and ecosystem functioning, but such effects may take longer than two years to materialize.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.94.125227
Elisabeth Renk, James W. E. Dickey, Ross N. Cuthbert, E. Kazanavičiūtė, Elizabeta Briski
Increasing rates of biological invasions pose major ecological and economic threats globally. The pet trade is one major invasion pathway, and environmental change could mediate the successful establishment and impact of these released or escaped non-native species (NNS). Salinity regime shifts are a pervasive but often overlooked environmental change in aquatic ecosystems. This study investigates the establishment and impact risks posed by three readily available, traded snail species – Melanoides tuberculata, Tarebia granifera and Anentome helena – by assessing their survival and feeding responses across a spectrum of salinity levels (0.2–16 g/kg). Survival differed among the species, with M. tuberculata showing close to 100% survival across the salinity range, T. granifera exhibiting heightened mortality at 16 g/kg, and A. helena displaying no survival at salinities above 12 g/kg. In feeding experiments assessing the more resilient M. tuberculata and T. granifera, the former had greater consumption rates towards both plant- (spinach) and animal-based (daphniid) resources. While salinity and density effects did not affect animal consumption, they both had significant effects on plant consumption, with feeding suppressed for both consumers under a salinity of 8 g/kg relative to freshwater conditions. When combining proportional survival and resource consumption for M. tuberculata and T. granifera, M. tuberculata demonstrated higher impact potential towards both plant and animal resources, highlighting its potential to exert higher ecological impacts. Studies have overlooked the importance of salinity for invasion success and the impact of pet trade species. We therefore propose that these methods provide a screening tool to assess the potential risks of traded species establishing and exerting impacts, and we encourage future studies to account for a broader range of abiotic stressors.
{"title":"Differential survival and feeding rates of three commonly traded gastropods across salinities","authors":"Elisabeth Renk, James W. E. Dickey, Ross N. Cuthbert, E. Kazanavičiūtė, Elizabeta Briski","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.94.125227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.94.125227","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing rates of biological invasions pose major ecological and economic threats globally. The pet trade is one major invasion pathway, and environmental change could mediate the successful establishment and impact of these released or escaped non-native species (NNS). Salinity regime shifts are a pervasive but often overlooked environmental change in aquatic ecosystems. This study investigates the establishment and impact risks posed by three readily available, traded snail species – Melanoides tuberculata, Tarebia granifera and Anentome helena – by assessing their survival and feeding responses across a spectrum of salinity levels (0.2–16 g/kg). Survival differed among the species, with M. tuberculata showing close to 100% survival across the salinity range, T. granifera exhibiting heightened mortality at 16 g/kg, and A. helena displaying no survival at salinities above 12 g/kg. In feeding experiments assessing the more resilient M. tuberculata and T. granifera, the former had greater consumption rates towards both plant- (spinach) and animal-based (daphniid) resources. While salinity and density effects did not affect animal consumption, they both had significant effects on plant consumption, with feeding suppressed for both consumers under a salinity of 8 g/kg relative to freshwater conditions. When combining proportional survival and resource consumption for M. tuberculata and T. granifera, M. tuberculata demonstrated higher impact potential towards both plant and animal resources, highlighting its potential to exert higher ecological impacts. Studies have overlooked the importance of salinity for invasion success and the impact of pet trade species. We therefore propose that these methods provide a screening tool to assess the potential risks of traded species establishing and exerting impacts, and we encourage future studies to account for a broader range of abiotic stressors.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.94.117313
Ovidiu Drăgan, L. Rozylowicz, Dorel Ureche, Istvan Falka, D. Cogǎlniceanu
Effective management of invasive alien species requires location-specific strategies involving the regular update of distribution maps to identify spatial patterns, trends, and pathways of entry and the spread and hotspots of those invasions. However, a comprehensive overview of invasive alien fish species in Romania is lacking. To fill this gap, we compiled a database with occurrences of alien fish species in Romania from diverse sources, including published literature, our own field data, online databases, social media, and online questionnaires. Occurrence data covers the 1910–2022 period. From a total of 52 alien fish species reported as present in Romania’s waterways, we assigned an invasive status to 11 species, of which Pseudorasbora parva, Lepomis gibbosus, Carassius gibelio, and Ameiurus spp. are widespread. Based on the currently available occurrence records, we evaluated the presence and distribution of invasive alien fish species at the watershed level, concluding that invasive alien fish species are present in all Romanian watersheds. We identified several hotspots consistent with the main points of entry and spread of invasive alien fish species, principally located in western, central, and eastern Romania, i.e., Mures, Crisuri, and Siret watersheds.
{"title":"Invasive fish species in Romanian freshwater. A review of over 100 years of occurrence reports","authors":"Ovidiu Drăgan, L. Rozylowicz, Dorel Ureche, Istvan Falka, D. Cogǎlniceanu","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.94.117313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.94.117313","url":null,"abstract":"Effective management of invasive alien species requires location-specific strategies involving the regular update of distribution maps to identify spatial patterns, trends, and pathways of entry and the spread and hotspots of those invasions. However, a comprehensive overview of invasive alien fish species in Romania is lacking. To fill this gap, we compiled a database with occurrences of alien fish species in Romania from diverse sources, including published literature, our own field data, online databases, social media, and online questionnaires. Occurrence data covers the 1910–2022 period. From a total of 52 alien fish species reported as present in Romania’s waterways, we assigned an invasive status to 11 species, of which Pseudorasbora parva, Lepomis gibbosus, Carassius gibelio, and Ameiurus spp. are widespread. Based on the currently available occurrence records, we evaluated the presence and distribution of invasive alien fish species at the watershed level, concluding that invasive alien fish species are present in all Romanian watersheds. We identified several hotspots consistent with the main points of entry and spread of invasive alien fish species, principally located in western, central, and eastern Romania, i.e., Mures, Crisuri, and Siret watersheds.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.94.126283
Leyli Borner, Davide Martinetti, Sylvain Poggi
Early detection of hitchhiking pests requires the identification of strategic introduction points via transport. We propose a framework for achieving this in Europe using the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) as a case study. Human-mediated spread has been responsible for its introduction into several continents over the last century, including a recent introduction in continental Europe, where it is now listed as a priority pest. Furthermore, recent interceptions far from the infested area confirm the risk of unintentional transport within continental Europe. Here, we analysed how three modes of transport - air, rail and road - connect the infested area to the rest of Europe. We ranked all European regions from most to least reachable from the infested area. We identified border regions and distant major cities that are readily reachable and observed differences between modes. We propose a composite reachability index combining the three transport modes, which provides a valuable tool for designing a continental surveillance strategy and prioritising highly reachable regions, as demonstrated by recent interceptions.
{"title":"A hitchhiker's guide to Europe: mapping human-mediated spread of the invasive Japanese beetle","authors":"Leyli Borner, Davide Martinetti, Sylvain Poggi","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.94.126283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.94.126283","url":null,"abstract":"Early detection of hitchhiking pests requires the identification of strategic introduction points via transport. We propose a framework for achieving this in Europe using the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) as a case study. Human-mediated spread has been responsible for its introduction into several continents over the last century, including a recent introduction in continental Europe, where it is now listed as a priority pest. Furthermore, recent interceptions far from the infested area confirm the risk of unintentional transport within continental Europe. Here, we analysed how three modes of transport - air, rail and road - connect the infested area to the rest of Europe. We ranked all European regions from most to least reachable from the infested area. We identified border regions and distant major cities that are readily reachable and observed differences between modes. We propose a composite reachability index combining the three transport modes, which provides a valuable tool for designing a continental surveillance strategy and prioritising highly reachable regions, as demonstrated by recent interceptions.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141648824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.93.128008
P. Kurek, B. Wiatrowska, Łukasz Piechnik, J. Holeksa
Some biological differences between native and alien plants are relevant to their dispersal mechanisms. One of them is the fruiting period: it is shifted in time, peaking later than in natives. Here we report the case study showing the temporal distance in fruiting phenology between native and alien plants and their seed dispersal via carnivorous mammals. From 2009 to 2011, scats of badgers Meles meles, foxes Vulpes vulpes, martens Martes spp. (M. martes and M. foina) and possibly also raccoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides (N = 820) were collected along transects totaling 30.4 km in length each month from June to November. We analyzed the frequency of occurrence of seeds (FO%) and the seed load in sampled scats; 61.7% of the sampled feces contained seeds of 18 fleshy-fruited native and alien plant taxa, and the most abundant seeds were from species with multi-seeded fruits such as Vaccinium myrtillus (94.6%), Rubus sp. (2.0%), and drupes of Prunus serotina (1.0%). The structure of dominance was characterized by seeds of Vaccinium myrtillus (15.0%), Pyrus sp. (14.8%) and Prunus serotina (13.0%) with aliens reaching high frequency of occurrence (FO%). The shares of seed FO% in the samples differed between alien and native plants. For seed load there were also significant interactions between the status of the seeds (alien or native) and the month of the vegetation period. Our data show the coincidence of two factors – the late fruiting period of alien plants and the decreasing availability of native fruits during the vegetation period. Such a set of factors may promote the dispersal of alien plant seeds by carnivorous mammals, which, unlike migrating birds, are constantly present in autumn. The limited availability of native fruits after their fruiting period, creating a phenological gap, makes alien plants the main source of fleshy-fruits at the end of vegetation period in forest ecosystems; this is expressed in high proportion of alien plants in seed FO%, and in significant interactions in the seed load in carnivore scats.
{"title":"Phenological gap in fruiting period and dispersal of seeds from alien fleshy-fruited plants by medium-sized carnivores in temperate forests of Central Europe","authors":"P. Kurek, B. Wiatrowska, Łukasz Piechnik, J. Holeksa","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.93.128008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.93.128008","url":null,"abstract":"Some biological differences between native and alien plants are relevant to their dispersal mechanisms. One of them is the fruiting period: it is shifted in time, peaking later than in natives. Here we report the case study showing the temporal distance in fruiting phenology between native and alien plants and their seed dispersal via carnivorous mammals. From 2009 to 2011, scats of badgers Meles meles, foxes Vulpes vulpes, martens Martes spp. (M. martes and M. foina) and possibly also raccoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides (N = 820) were collected along transects totaling 30.4 km in length each month from June to November. We analyzed the frequency of occurrence of seeds (FO%) and the seed load in sampled scats; 61.7% of the sampled feces contained seeds of 18 fleshy-fruited native and alien plant taxa, and the most abundant seeds were from species with multi-seeded fruits such as Vaccinium myrtillus (94.6%), Rubus sp. (2.0%), and drupes of Prunus serotina (1.0%). The structure of dominance was characterized by seeds of Vaccinium myrtillus (15.0%), Pyrus sp. (14.8%) and Prunus serotina (13.0%) with aliens reaching high frequency of occurrence (FO%). The shares of seed FO% in the samples differed between alien and native plants. For seed load there were also significant interactions between the status of the seeds (alien or native) and the month of the vegetation period. Our data show the coincidence of two factors – the late fruiting period of alien plants and the decreasing availability of native fruits during the vegetation period. Such a set of factors may promote the dispersal of alien plant seeds by carnivorous mammals, which, unlike migrating birds, are constantly present in autumn. The limited availability of native fruits after their fruiting period, creating a phenological gap, makes alien plants the main source of fleshy-fruits at the end of vegetation period in forest ecosystems; this is expressed in high proportion of alien plants in seed FO%, and in significant interactions in the seed load in carnivore scats.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141662896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.93.121386
Manuela Erazo, P. García‐Díaz, Bárbara Langdon, K. Mustin, Mário G. B. Cava, Gabriella Damasceno, M. F. Huerta, Eirini Linardaki, J. Moyano, Lía Montti, P. A. Powell, T. Bodey, D. Burslem, Laura Fasola, A. Fidelis, X. Lambin, Sofía Marinaro, A. Pauchard, E. Phimister, E. Raffo, I. Rodriguez-Jorquera, I. Roesler, Jorge A. Tomasevic, J. Pizarro
Effective long-term management of invasive non-native species (INNS) in South America is a pressing yet complex task. Critically, the environmental, historical, cultural, and economic idiosyncrasies of the region call for the inclusion of a plurality of views from those sectors of society receiving the negative and positive impacts of INNS. This is a multifaceted, and often daunting, task that can be aided by an early identification of stakeholders – those affected by or with an interest in INNS and their management – accompanied by targeted stakeholder engagement. Here, we report the procedures and results of a stakeholder mapping activity aimed at identifying stakeholders and designing engagement strategies. Using expert knowledge procedures, we compiled comprehensive lists of stakeholders for six case-studies in South America: (i) invasive grasses (Urochloa spp.) in Brazil; (ii) glossy privet (Ligustrum lucidum) in Argentina; (iii) lodgepole and Monterey pines (Pinus contorta and P. radiata) in Argentina; (iv) American mink (Neogale vison) in Argentina and Chile; (v) lodgepole and Monterey pines in Chile; and (vi) German yellow-jacket (Vespula germanica) in Chile. Overall, we identified 250 stakeholders, which, based on their interest and influence, were classified into “context settlers” (2%), “key players” (47%), “crowd” (5%), and “subjects” (49%). We outlined strategies to engage with each of these four groups and for each of our six case-studies. Across case studies, communication with stakeholders was the most common engagement strategy proposed (27%; 19 of 70 strategies), followed by active involvement of stakeholders in INNS research and management (23%). Our results highlight the importance of considering power imbalances, as those stakeholders more likely to benefit from INNS were assessed to have more influence over INNS management relative to local and indigenous communities. Our work illustrates how to identify stakeholders in a rigorous and rapid manner, which should be complemented with the involvement of the stakeholders themselves.
{"title":"Stakeholder mapping to support invasive non-native species management in South America","authors":"Manuela Erazo, P. García‐Díaz, Bárbara Langdon, K. Mustin, Mário G. B. Cava, Gabriella Damasceno, M. F. Huerta, Eirini Linardaki, J. Moyano, Lía Montti, P. A. Powell, T. Bodey, D. Burslem, Laura Fasola, A. Fidelis, X. Lambin, Sofía Marinaro, A. Pauchard, E. Phimister, E. Raffo, I. Rodriguez-Jorquera, I. Roesler, Jorge A. Tomasevic, J. Pizarro","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.93.121386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.93.121386","url":null,"abstract":"Effective long-term management of invasive non-native species (INNS) in South America is a pressing yet complex task. Critically, the environmental, historical, cultural, and economic idiosyncrasies of the region call for the inclusion of a plurality of views from those sectors of society receiving the negative and positive impacts of INNS. This is a multifaceted, and often daunting, task that can be aided by an early identification of stakeholders – those affected by or with an interest in INNS and their management – accompanied by targeted stakeholder engagement. Here, we report the procedures and results of a stakeholder mapping activity aimed at identifying stakeholders and designing engagement strategies. Using expert knowledge procedures, we compiled comprehensive lists of stakeholders for six case-studies in South America: (i) invasive grasses (Urochloa spp.) in Brazil; (ii) glossy privet (Ligustrum lucidum) in Argentina; (iii) lodgepole and Monterey pines (Pinus contorta and P. radiata) in Argentina; (iv) American mink (Neogale vison) in Argentina and Chile; (v) lodgepole and Monterey pines in Chile; and (vi) German yellow-jacket (Vespula germanica) in Chile. Overall, we identified 250 stakeholders, which, based on their interest and influence, were classified into “context settlers” (2%), “key players” (47%), “crowd” (5%), and “subjects” (49%). We outlined strategies to engage with each of these four groups and for each of our six case-studies. Across case studies, communication with stakeholders was the most common engagement strategy proposed (27%; 19 of 70 strategies), followed by active involvement of stakeholders in INNS research and management (23%). Our results highlight the importance of considering power imbalances, as those stakeholders more likely to benefit from INNS were assessed to have more influence over INNS management relative to local and indigenous communities. Our work illustrates how to identify stakeholders in a rigorous and rapid manner, which should be complemented with the involvement of the stakeholders themselves.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.93.105200
Vanessa De Santis, Stefano Brignone, Martin Čech, Ester M. Eckert, Diego Fontaneto, Filomena Magalhães, J. Martelo, F. Ribeiro, L. Vejřík, Pietro Volta
The management of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) is often hindered by ecological, social and economic factors, resulting in inadequate biodiversity protection and inefficient use of public money. A clear example of such inefficient management in aquatic ecosystems is the European catfish Silurus glanis L. in southern Europe. Native to central Eurasia, S. glanis is an emblematic and controversial freshwater fish, being the subject of extensive and profitable trophy angling in central Europe and of commercial fishing in eastern Europe. Concurrently, in western and southern Europe where it was introduced in the XIX century, S. glanis is considered a problematic invader. The lack of comprehensive information on S. glanis invasive populations has limited effective management, which is critical to successfully control the spread and minimize negative impacts on native ecosystems and species. LIFE PREDATOR, started in September 2022 with a budget of € 2.85 million and a consortium of six partners from three countries, aims at developing a multidisciplinary and transnational approach to control established populations of S. glanis, and prevent further spreading and future introductions in southern European lakes and reservoirs. The project will develop and test an early warning system based on eDNA and citizen science and identify the most effective and selective capture techniques to reduce the abundance of catfish, particularly in Natura 2000 lakes, actively involving anglers and professional fishermen on this. Massive raising awareness campaigns will be conducted targeting anglers but also the general public, and protocols and best practices will be transferred to management authorities. For the long-term sustainability of the project, a South European Management Group will be created. Additionally, in northern Italy, where the catfish invasion is more advanced, a local circular economy will be implemented, involving the increase in fishing pressure by encouraging catfish consumption as food.
外来入侵物种（IAS）的管理常常受到生态、社会和经济因素的阻碍，导致生物多样性保护不足，公共资金使用效率低下。南欧的欧洲鲶鱼（Silurus glanis L.）就是水生生态系统中这种低效管理的一个明显例子。欧洲鲶鱼原产于欧亚大陆中部，是一种具有代表性和争议性的淡水鱼，在中欧被广泛用于垂钓，利润丰厚，在东欧则被用于商业捕捞。同时，在十九世纪引入的西欧和南欧，草鱼被认为是有问题的入侵者。由于缺乏有关 S. glanis 入侵种群的全面信息，限制了有效的管理，而有效的管理对于成功控制 S. glanis 的扩散以及最大限度地减少对本地生态系统和物种的负面影响至关重要。LIFE PREDATOR 项目于 2022 年 9 月启动，预算为 285 万欧元，由来自三个国家的六个合作伙伴组成，旨在开发一种多学科的跨国方法来控制 S. glanis 的既定种群，并防止其在南欧湖泊和水库中进一步扩散和引入。该项目将开发和测试基于 eDNA 和公民科学的早期预警系统，并确定最有效和最有选择性的捕捉技术，以减少鲶鱼的数量，特别是在 Natura 2000 湖泊中，并让垂钓者和专业渔民积极参与其中。将针对垂钓者和普通公众开展大规模的提高认识活动，并将协议和最佳做法传授给管理部门。为了项目的长期可持续性，将成立一个南欧管理小组。此外，在鲶鱼入侵较为严重的意大利北部，将实施地方循环经济，通过鼓励将鲶鱼作为食物食用来增加捕鱼压力。
{"title":"LIFE PREDATOR: Prevent, detect, combat the spread of Silurus glanis in south European lakes to protect biodiversity","authors":"Vanessa De Santis, Stefano Brignone, Martin Čech, Ester M. Eckert, Diego Fontaneto, Filomena Magalhães, J. Martelo, F. Ribeiro, L. Vejřík, Pietro Volta","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.93.105200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.93.105200","url":null,"abstract":"The management of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) is often hindered by ecological, social and economic factors, resulting in inadequate biodiversity protection and inefficient use of public money. A clear example of such inefficient management in aquatic ecosystems is the European catfish Silurus glanis L. in southern Europe. Native to central Eurasia, S. glanis is an emblematic and controversial freshwater fish, being the subject of extensive and profitable trophy angling in central Europe and of commercial fishing in eastern Europe. Concurrently, in western and southern Europe where it was introduced in the XIX century, S. glanis is considered a problematic invader. The lack of comprehensive information on S. glanis invasive populations has limited effective management, which is critical to successfully control the spread and minimize negative impacts on native ecosystems and species. LIFE PREDATOR, started in September 2022 with a budget of € 2.85 million and a consortium of six partners from three countries, aims at developing a multidisciplinary and transnational approach to control established populations of S. glanis, and prevent further spreading and future introductions in southern European lakes and reservoirs. The project will develop and test an early warning system based on eDNA and citizen science and identify the most effective and selective capture techniques to reduce the abundance of catfish, particularly in Natura 2000 lakes, actively involving anglers and professional fishermen on this. Massive raising awareness campaigns will be conducted targeting anglers but also the general public, and protocols and best practices will be transferred to management authorities. For the long-term sustainability of the project, a South European Management Group will be created. Additionally, in northern Italy, where the catfish invasion is more advanced, a local circular economy will be implemented, involving the increase in fishing pressure by encouraging catfish consumption as food.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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