The emergence of nanovaccines as a new paradigm in virological vaccinology: a review

C. Baruah, Pankaj Das, P. Devi, Palash M. Saikia, B. Deka
{"title":"The emergence of nanovaccines as a new paradigm in virological vaccinology: a review","authors":"C. Baruah, Pankaj Das, P. Devi, Palash M. Saikia, B. Deka","doi":"10.37349/ei.2023.00107","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Vaccination has made an enormous contribution to global health. Treatment resistance for infectious diseases is growing quickly, and chemotherapeutic toxicity in cancer means that vaccines must be made right away to save humanity. But subunit vaccinations alone don’t give enough strong and long-lasting protection against infections that can kill. Nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery vehicles, such as dendrimers, liposomes, micelles, virosomes, nanogels, and microemulsions, offer interesting ways to get around the problems with traditional vaccine adjuvants. The nanovaccines (50–250 nm in size) are most efficient in terms of tissue targeting, staying in the bloodstream for a long time. Nanovaccines can improve antigen presentation, targeted delivery, stimulation of the body’s innate immune system, and a strong T-cell response without putting people at risk. This can help fight infectious diseases and cancers. Also, nanovaccines can be very helpful for making cancer treatments that use immunotherapy. So, this review highlights the various types of NPs used in the techniques that have worked in the new paradigm in viral vaccinology for infectious diseases. It gives a full rundown of the current NP-based vaccines, their potential as adjuvants, and the ways they can be delivered to cells. In the future, the best nanovaccines will try to be more logically designed, have more antigens in them, be fully functionalized, and be given to the right people.","PeriodicalId":93552,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Exploration of immunology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2023.00107","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Vaccination has made an enormous contribution to global health. Treatment resistance for infectious diseases is growing quickly, and chemotherapeutic toxicity in cancer means that vaccines must be made right away to save humanity. But subunit vaccinations alone don’t give enough strong and long-lasting protection against infections that can kill. Nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery vehicles, such as dendrimers, liposomes, micelles, virosomes, nanogels, and microemulsions, offer interesting ways to get around the problems with traditional vaccine adjuvants. The nanovaccines (50–250 nm in size) are most efficient in terms of tissue targeting, staying in the bloodstream for a long time. Nanovaccines can improve antigen presentation, targeted delivery, stimulation of the body’s innate immune system, and a strong T-cell response without putting people at risk. This can help fight infectious diseases and cancers. Also, nanovaccines can be very helpful for making cancer treatments that use immunotherapy. So, this review highlights the various types of NPs used in the techniques that have worked in the new paradigm in viral vaccinology for infectious diseases. It gives a full rundown of the current NP-based vaccines, their potential as adjuvants, and the ways they can be delivered to cells. In the future, the best nanovaccines will try to be more logically designed, have more antigens in them, be fully functionalized, and be given to the right people.
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
纳米疫苗作为病毒学疫苗学新范式的出现:综述
疫苗接种对全球健康做出了巨大贡献。传染病的治疗耐药性正在迅速增长,癌症的化疗毒性意味着必须立即生产疫苗来拯救人类。但单凭亚单位疫苗并不能对可能致命的感染提供足够强大和持久的保护。基于纳米粒子(NP)的递送载体,如树状大分子、脂质体、胶束、病毒体、纳米凝胶和微乳,为解决传统疫苗佐剂的问题提供了有趣的方法。纳米疫苗(尺寸为50-250纳米)在组织靶向方面最有效,可以在血液中停留很长时间。纳米疫苗可以改善抗原呈递、靶向递送、刺激人体先天免疫系统和强大的T细胞反应,而不会使人处于危险之中。这可以帮助对抗传染病和癌症。此外,纳米疫苗可以非常有助于制造使用免疫疗法的癌症治疗方法。因此,这篇综述强调了在传染病病毒疫苗学的新范式中使用的各种类型的NP。它全面概述了目前基于NP的疫苗,它们作为佐剂的潜力,以及它们可以输送到细胞中的方式。未来,最好的纳米疫苗将尝试进行更合理的设计,其中含有更多的抗原,完全功能化,并提供给合适的人。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊最新文献
Exploring the impact of immune response on tumor heterogeneity through mathematical modeling Recent advances in the study of the structure and function of the epididymis The immune response of nano carbon-based photic-driving vaccines to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Targeted treatments for immune dysregulation in inborn errors of immunity Physical activity, immune system and hypertension: reflections and challenges for future pandemics based on learning from coronavirus disease 2019
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1