Work Experiences and Self-Esteem Development: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

IF 3.6 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL European Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2021-07-21 DOI:10.1177/08902070211027142
Samantha Krauss, U. Orth
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引用次数: 17

Abstract

Theory suggests that people’s work experiences influence their self-esteem and, vice versa, that self-esteem influences work experiences. This meta-analysis of longitudinal studies synthesizes the available evidence on prospective effects between work experiences and self-esteem, controlling for prior levels of the outcomes. The following work variables were examined: job satisfaction, job success, income, job resources, job stressors, and employment status. The analyses were based on 30 independent samples, including data from 53,112 participants. Mean age ranged from 17 to 64 years, spanning most of the work life. For each work variable, we computed random-effects models with standardized regression coefficients as effect size measure. Results suggested reciprocal effects between work experiences and self-esteem. The effects of self-esteem on later work experiences (point estimates ranged from .05 to .10) were slightly larger than the effects of work experiences on later self-esteem (point estimates ranged from .02 to .05). Moderator analyses on the relation between job satisfaction and self-esteem indicated that the effects did not differ across age, gender, sample type, and time lag. Overall, the findings support the corresponsive principle of personality development and suggest that the work domain and people’s self-esteem are interdependent.
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工作经验与自尊发展:一项纵向研究的元分析
理论表明,人们的工作经历会影响他们的自尊,反之亦然,自尊也会影响工作经历。这项纵向研究的荟萃分析综合了工作经验和自尊之间的前瞻性影响的现有证据,控制了先前的结果水平。研究了以下工作变量:工作满意度、工作成功、收入、工作资源、工作压力源和就业状况。该分析基于30个独立样本,包括53,112名参与者的数据。平均年龄从17岁到64岁不等,跨越了大部分的工作年限。对于每个工作变量,我们使用标准化回归系数作为效应大小度量来计算随机效应模型。研究结果表明,工作经历和自尊之间存在相互影响。自尊对后期工作经历的影响(分数估计范围从0.05到0.10)略大于工作经历对后期自尊的影响(分数估计范围从0.02到0.05)。对工作满意度与自尊关系的调节分析表明,工作满意度与自尊的影响在年龄、性别、样本类型和时间滞后上没有差异。总体而言,研究结果支持人格发展的对应原则,并表明工作领域与人的自尊是相互依存的。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Personality
European Journal of Personality PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
8.50%
发文量
48
期刊介绍: It is intended that the journal reflects all areas of current personality psychology. The Journal emphasizes (1) human individuality as manifested in cognitive processes, emotional and motivational functioning, and their physiological and genetic underpinnings, and personal ways of interacting with the environment, (2) individual differences in personality structure and dynamics, (3) studies of intelligence and interindividual differences in cognitive functioning, and (4) development of personality differences as revealed by cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
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