A MACROSCOPIC STUDY ON THE MUSCLES AND TENDONS OF FOREPAWS IN THE ANATOLIAN BOBCAT (Lynx lynx)

Abstract

This study was performed on the tendons and muscles of two Anatolian bobcats (Lynx lynx). The research materials were donated by Republic of Turkey Ministry of the Forestry and Water Affairs Sivas Branch Manager. To achieve this objective, dissection and radiography were applied to two dead specimens. Digit I is radiographically rudimentary in the forepaw. The muscles and tendons of the forepaw in the bobcat are located in the cranial and caudal aspect of the antebrachium, the central manus and hypothenar region. The extensor muscles are situated on the cranial aspect of the antebrachium, while the flexor muscles are located on the caudal aspect of the antebrachium. The m. extensor carpi radialis in the extensor group has long and short portions; the m. extensor digitorum lateralis et communis give rise to tendons associated with fingers; the fascia covering the muscles emerges on the lateral and medial border of the m. extensor digitorum lateralis. The m. flexor digitorum superficialis et profundus lie on the caudal aspect of the antebrachium; the superficial digital flexor tendons give rise to the origin of the bellies of the m. flexor digitorum brevis; the m. flexor digitorum profundus form a stout tendon from which the mm. lumbricales originate on the palmar aspect of carpal joints; the tendon of the muscle perforates the tendon of the m. flexor digitorum superficialis. The mm. flexores digitorum profundi breves in the central manus group consist of the lateral and medial portions and insert on the palmar aspect of each proximal phalanx associated with the fingers. Other muscles in the group, adductores digitorum, end to those in the fingers. Key words: Anatolian bobcat (Lynx lynx); forepaw; muscles; tendons; anatomy MAKROSKOPSKA STUDIJA KIT IN MISIC SPREDNJE SAPE PRI RISU ( Lynx lynx ) Povzetek: V raziskavi smo proucili kite in misice sprednje sape pri dveh risih ( Lynx lynx ). Material za raziskavo je darovalo Ministrstvo za gozdarstvo in vode Turcije. Na dveh kadavrih je bila izvedena radiografija in sekcija. Radiografija je pokazala, da je prvi prst sprednje sape rudimentaren. Misice in kite sprednje sape se pri risu nahajajo v kranialnem in kavdalnem podrocju podlahti, centralnega dela dlani in na podrocju misic, ki premikajo 5. prst. Misice iztegovalke se nahajajo na sprednjem delu podlahti, medtem ko so misice upogibalke namescene na kavdalnem podrocju podlahti. Ena izmed misic iztegovalk m. extensor carpi radialis ima dolge in kratke odseke; iz misice m. extensor digitorum lateralis et communis izhajajo kite za prste; fascija, ki pokriva misice pa se zacne na lateralnem in medialnem podrocju misice m. extensor digitorum lateralis . Misica m. flexor digitorum superficialis et profundus leži na kavdalnem podrocju podlahti; iz povrsinskih tetiv digitalnega fleksorja pa izhaja trebuh misice m. flexor digitorum brevis ; m. flexor digitorum profundus tvori mocno tetivo, iz katere mm. lumbricales izvirajo na palmarnem podrocju karpalnih sklepov. Tetiva misice perforira tetivo misice m. flexor digitorum superficialis . Misice mm. flexores digitorum profundi v osrednji skupini misic podrocja dlani so sestavljene iz lateralnih in medialnih delov in se nahajajo na palmarnem podrocju vsake proksimalne prstnice in so povezane s prsti. Druge misice v skupini mm. adductores digitorum , se koncajo na koncih istih prstov. Kljucne besede: ris ( Lynx lynx ); sprednja sapa; misice; kite; anatomija