Morphology of Metapodiophalangeal Joints and Mobility of Finger and Toe in Bovids

IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Mammal Study Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI:10.3106/ms2022-0049
Seisuke Takeda, T. Oshida, M. Motokawa, S. Kawada, H. Endo
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Abstract

Abstract. Bovid morphologies differ depending on body size and habitat. We hypothesized that bovids also vary their mobility of fingers and toes depending on body size and habitat. In this study, we compared the shape of the distal ends of the metapodial bones and the proximal facet of the proximal phalanges to examine the metapodiophalangeal joint gaps and simulated the three-dimensional motion of the bovid metapodiophalangeal joints during the opening and closing states through CT scans to investigate whether the mobility of the finger and toe is affected by body size and habitat. The results showed that species with gaps in the metapodiophalangeal joints had higher mobility and that species living in mountains had larger gaps. This suggests that bovids living in unstable terrains can move better on unstable substrates due to their increased mobility of digit. Similarly, our results indicate that smaller bovids are more likely to display variations in the mobility of digits than larger-sized bovids since greater body size reduces the range of mobility to avoid dislocation risk. Our results show that bovids have been able to be flexible to a range of body sizes and habitats by varying the size of their metapodiophalangeal joint gaps.
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牛科动物后足指关节的形态与手指、脚趾的活动
摘要牛科动物的形态因体型和栖息地的不同而不同。我们假设,牛科动物的手指和脚趾的活动也会根据身体大小和栖息地而变化。本研究通过比较跖骨远端和近端指骨近端关节面形状来检查跖趾关节间隙,并通过CT扫描模拟牛类跖趾关节在打开和关闭状态下的三维运动,探讨手指和脚趾的活动是否受到体型和栖息地的影响。结果表明:后足指关节有间隙的物种具有较高的活动性,而生活在山区的物种活动性较大。这表明生活在不稳定地形的牛科动物由于其趾的移动性增加,可以更好地在不稳定的基质上移动。同样,我们的结果表明,较小的牛科动物比较大的牛科动物更有可能表现出手指活动的变化,因为较大的体型减少了活动范围,以避免脱位风险。我们的研究结果表明,牛科动物能够通过改变后足指关节间隙的大小来适应各种体型和栖息地。
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来源期刊
Mammal Study
Mammal Study ZOOLOGY-
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
20.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Mammal Study is the official journal of the Mammal Society of Japan. It publishes original articles, short communications, and reviews on all aspects of mammalogy quarterly, written in English.
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