Control de la miopía con ortoqueratología

Abstract

Orthokeratology has had a great boom in the last few years, due to the appearance of new materials and designs that have facilitated its application. For this reason, the study proposed to develop a review that would allow to analyze this technique based on the experience of patients who were treated with it. Objectives : To present scientific evidence of the use of orthokeratology for myopia control. Materials and methods : A bibliometric review of 50 scientific articles written between 1999 and 2015, with grade of recommendation B and level of evidence II−3, according to the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) scale. The variables age, refractive defect, axial length and corneal curvature were considered. Results : 47% of the patients were younger than 15 years of age. The most important modifications through orthokeratology were found in patients with refractive values lower than −4.00 D (80%); one month after treatment, reductions of an average of −3.11 D were evidenced. The lenses used in the study mainly had an inverse geometry design, with materials with permeability greater than 100. Conclusions : Orthokeratology retards the progression of myopia; this is evidenced in 100% of the articles analyzed. There is a greater efficacy in the control of low myopia (myopia up to 4 D, according to Borish): 55% of patients with myopia from −0.25 to −1.00 D, while the remaining 45% is distributed between −1.25 and −7.00 D.