The Use of Instantaneous Overcurrent Relay in Determining the Threshold Current and Voltage for Optimal Fault Protection and Control in Transmission Line

Abstract

When a fault occurs on the transmission line, the relay should send the faulty signal to the circuit breaker to trip or isolate the line. Timely detection is integral to fault protection and the management of transmission lines in power systems. This paper focuses on using the threshold current and voltage to reduce the time of delay and trip time of the instantaneous overcurrent relay protection for a 330 kV transmission line. The wavelet transforms toolbox from MATLAB and a Simulink model were used to design the model to detect the threshold value and the coordination time for the backup relay to trip if the primary relay did not operate or clear the fault on time. The difference between the proposed model and the model without the threshold value was analysed. The simulated result shows that the trip time of the two relays demonstrates a fast and precise trip time of 60% to 99.87% compared to other techniques used without the threshold values. The proposed model can eliminate the trial-and-error in programming the instantaneous overcurrent relay setting for optimal performance.