Nano-dielectrics in biosystems

IF 3.8 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC IET Nanodielectrics Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI:10.1049/nde2.12014
Jingjing Xu, Fan Wang, Yihan Song, Song Ge, Shengyong Xu
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Abstract

Here, the nano-sized dielectrics in biosystems and their functions are reviewed. For a variety of electromagnetic phenomena observed in biosystems, from a generation of weak electrical pulses in all kinds of neural systems to generation of high-power electrical pulses for sensing and attacking preys in electric eels, nano-dielectrics, such as lipid membrane, always play an important role. The electromagnetic pulses in neural systems are created by transmembrane ionic fluxes through a cluster of ion channels embedded in a lipid membrane, but the high-power pulses released by electric eels are simultaneously generated by billions of ion channels. An overlooked function of the nano-dielectrics is that they build up a network serving as the major transmitting paths for electromagnetic pulses in dendrites and axons, and even in ordinary cell membranes. Many fundamental questions in the working mechanisms of nano-dielectrics in nature biosystems remain open and answers to these questions may lead to novel, high-efficiency manmade power supplies and a better understanding of brain functions.

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生物系统中的纳米电介质
本文综述了纳米介电材料在生物系统中的应用及其功能。生物系统中观察到的各种电磁现象,从各种神经系统中产生的微弱电脉冲,到电鳗中产生的感应和攻击猎物的大功率电脉冲,脂质膜等纳米电介质一直起着重要的作用。神经系统中的电磁脉冲是由嵌入在脂质膜中的一簇离子通道通过跨膜离子通量产生的,但电鳗释放的高功率脉冲是由数十亿个离子通道同时产生的。纳米电介质的一个被忽视的功能是,它们在树突和轴突,甚至在普通细胞膜中建立起一个网络,作为电磁脉冲的主要传输路径。纳米电介质在自然生物系统中工作机制的许多基本问题仍然是开放的,这些问题的答案可能导致新的、高效率的人造电源和更好地理解大脑功能。
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来源期刊
IET Nanodielectrics
IET Nanodielectrics Materials Science-Materials Chemistry
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
3.70%
发文量
7
审稿时长
21 weeks
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