Diagnóstico y manejo de la colestasis intrahepática en el embarazo

Abstract

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is caused by a dysfunction of the hepatocytes, typical of pregnancy. High concentrations of sex hormones and genetic predisposition appear to be important factors for their development. The incidence depends on the ethnic composition of the population and the diagnostic criteria used. It is characterized by increasing and persistent pruritus, increased concentrations of bile acids, usually in the late second or third trimester of pregnancy. It leads to the occurrence of uteroplacental hypoxia that increases the risk of meconium amniotic fluid, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, and perinatal death. Therapeutic management is aimed at reducing clinical symptoms, normalizing maternal biochemical changes, and preventing fetal complications. The main pharmacological treatment consists of the administration of ursodeoxycholic acid. The objective of this research is to evaluate the diagnosis and management of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy