Seroprevalence of bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern from exudate sample in Birla Institute of Medical Research Hospital, Gwalior, India

Abstract

Background and Aim: Infection characterized by the production of pus is classified as pyogenic or pus-producing infections. These infections are challenging to treat because bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. It is critical to understand the microorganisms that cause infections and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns for optimal management of the patient. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency and distribution of bacteria isolated from pus/wound, as well as their susceptibility patterns. Materials and Methods: A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted on 175 patients who provided pus and/or wound discharge samples in different wards (outpatient department or inpatient department). The samples were inoculated on MacConkey agar and blood agar plates and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The Gram stain and biochemical tests were used to identify all isolates after incubation. Antibiotic sensitivity was performed using Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion test. Results: This study covered 175 patients, with a bacterial isolation rate of 102 (58.28%). Males outnumbered females in the samples (M: F-1.8:1), with a median age of 45 years. Majority were in the age group of 40–60 years which was 41 (40.20%). Monomicrobial infections were seen in 92 (90.19%) samples whereas polymicrobial infections in 10 (9.80%) samples and total 112 bacterial strains were isolated. Conclusion: Escherichia coli was the most prevalent isolate in our investigation, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For Gram-positive cocci, doxycycline, linezolid, and chloramphenicol are the most effective antibiotics, whereas for Gram-negative bacilli, amikacin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol are the most effective antibiotics. The susceptibility statistics presented in this article may be useful in formulating empiric treatment regimens for pyogenic infections.