Análisis espacial de las condiciones laborales de la mujer en el sector agropecuario en México

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to measure the spatial changes that have occurred in the working conditions of women in the agricultural sector in the 32 states of Mexico, during the 2008-2017 period. For this, an index is elaborated that considers three factors: rate of occupied female population that receives some remuneration, rate of occupied female population that has access to health and other benefits, and rate of employed female population that does not receive any remuneration. The results of the index for 2017 show persistent precariousness in the working conditions of women in the southern states: Guerrero, Oaxaca and Chiapas, with indexes of 0.13, 0.17 and 0.2, respectively. In contrast, the states of the northwest: Baja California, Sinaloa, Sonora, Baja California Sur and Chihuahua, continue presenting the best results with indexes of 0.74, 0.66, 0.66, 0.59 and 0.55, respectively. Relatively more industrialized states, such as Querétaro, Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Coahuila and Nuevo León, have improved working conditions by increasing the index considerably, suggesting the existence of a spillover effect on the agricultural sector.