Ali Shari’ati’s revolutionary Islamic thought and its relevance to the contemporary socio-political transformation

Anjar Nugroho, Tulus Warsito Surwandano
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Ali Shari’ati emerged as an enlightened intellectual figure in the phenomenon of the authoritarian and oppressive power of the Syah Pahlavi regime. Shari’ati appeared as a pioneer of radical ideas about Islam and the revolution which stemmed from the Shi’a teachings that had been grafted into the revolutionary tradition of the Third World and Marxism. Shari’ati succeeded in establishing a revolutionary Islamic ideology that became the basis of the mass collective consciousness against the regime of the Syah. In Shari’ati’s thought, Islam is an emancipatory ideology and liberation. The progressive and revolutionary view of Shari’ati’s Islam derives from a belief system of tauhid. While tauhid in Shari’ati’s view is the unity among God, man and the universe, the society which is full of social discrimination, injustice, and arbitrariness can be categorized as Shirk, the opponent of tauhid. In the context of the Iranian revolution, the Shari’ati’s Islamic thought and ideology became the fourth  t-text-stroke-width: 0px; "> bridge or road from the ideological stalemate of the pre-revolutionary opposition movement, which is between secularist-nationalist, Marxist-Communist and Islamic Fundamentalism. Further, Shari’ati’s ideology paved the way for the acceptance of Imam Khomeini as a revolutionary leader. This paper aims to contextualize Ali Shari’ti’s views on socio-political change in Indonesia. Ali Shari’ati muncul menjadi sosok intelektual tercerahkan dalam fenomena kekuasaan rezim Syah Pahlevi yang otoriter dan menindas. Shari’ati lalu tampil sebagai pelopor gagasan-gagasan radikal tentang Islam dan revolusi yang bersumber dari ajaran Syi’ah yang sudah dicangkokkan dengan tradisi revolusioner Dunia Ketiga dan Marxisme. Ali Shari’ati berhasil membangun ideologi Islam revolusioner yang kemudian menjadi basis kesadaran kolektif massa menentang kekuasaan rezim Syah. Dalam pemikiran Shari’ati, Islam adalah sebuah ideologi emansipasi dan pembebasan. Pandangan Islam Ali Shari’ati yang progresif dan revolusioner bersumber pada satu sistem keyakinan yaitu tauhid. Jika tauhid dalam pandangan Shari’ati adalah kesatuan antara Tuhan, manusia dan alam semesta, maka kondisi masyarakat yang penuh diskriminasi sosial, ketidakadilan, dan kesewenang-wenangan dapat dikategorikan sebagai syirk, lawan dari tauhid. Dalam konteks revolusi Iran, tawaran pemikiran dan ideologi Islam Syari’ati menjadi jembatan atau jalan keempat dari kebuntuan ideologi gerakan oposisi pra-revolusi, yaitu antara nasionalis-sekuler, Marxis-Komunis dan Fundamentalisme Islam. Ideologi Shari’ati melapangkan jalan bagi diterimanya Imam Khomeini sebagai pemimpin revolusioner. Tulisan ini hendak mengkontekstualisasikan pemikiran Ali Shari’ati dalam perubahan sosialpolitik di Indonesia.
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阿里的伊斯兰革命思想及其与当代社会政治转型的关系
在赛亚·巴列维政权的独裁和压迫权力现象中,阿里·沙里亚蒂成为了一位开明的知识分子。Shari’ati是关于伊斯兰教和革命的激进思想的先驱,这场革命源于什叶派教义,这些教义被移植到第三世界的革命传统和马克思主义中。沙里亚提成功地建立了一种革命性的伊斯兰意识形态,成为反对Syah政权的大众集体意识的基础。在沙里亚提的思想中,伊斯兰教是一种解放思想和解放。沙里亚提伊斯兰教的进步和革命性观点源于陶希德的信仰体系。沙里亚提的陶希德是上帝、人和宇宙的统一体,而这个充满社会歧视、不公正和任意性的社会可以归为陶希德的反对者夏尔。在伊朗革命的背景下,沙里亚提的伊斯兰思想和意识形态成为第四个“>摆脱革命前反对运动意识形态僵局的桥梁或道路,该运动介于世俗主义民族主义、马克思主义共产主义和伊斯兰原教旨主义之间。此外,沙里阿提的意识形态为伊玛目霍梅尼被接受为革命领袖铺平了道路i'ati似乎是一个知识分子实体,暴露在Syah Pahlevi独裁和暴力政权的现象中。Shari’ati随后作为伊斯兰激进思想和革命的支持者出现,这些思想源于第三世界革命传统和马克思主义所信奉的叙利亚人的教义。阿里·沙里亚蒂成功地建立了革命性的伊斯兰意识形态,随后成为反对叙利亚政权力量的群众集体意识的基础。在沙里亚提的心目中,伊斯兰教是一种解放和解放的意识形态。伊斯兰的进步和革命性观点Ali Shari'ati信奉一种陶希德的信仰体系。如果陶希德是上帝、人类和宇宙的统一体,那么一个充满社会歧视、不公正和权威的民族的状况可以被归类为马戏团,反对陶希德。在伊朗革命背景下,美国的伊斯兰思想和意识形态主张成为革命前反对运动,即民族主义世俗主义者、马克思主义共产主义者和伊斯兰原教旨主义者之间意识形态毁灭的桥梁或第四条道路。沙里亚蒂的意识形态为霍梅尼牧师成为革命领袖铺平了道路。这封信旨在将阿里的思想置于印度尼西亚社会政治变革的语境中。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
16.70%
发文量
8
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊介绍: Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies (IJIMS): This journal should coverage Islam both as a textual tradition with its own historical integrity and as a social reality which was dynamic and constantly changing. The journal also aims at bridging the gap between the textual and contextual approaches to Islamic Studies; and solving the dichotomy between ‘orthodox’ and ‘heterodox’ Islam. So, the journal invites the intersection of several disciplines and scholars. In other words, its contributors borrowed from a range of disciplines, including the humanities and social sciences.
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