Optimization of land use of alpine-subalpine highlands Chornohora on the basis of the landscape principles

Abstract

The article presents the experience of using the landscape approach in optimizing the land use system of the alpine-subalpine highlands of Chornohora in the borders of the Transcarpathian region, the quality of the pasturage. On the basis of the features of the landscape organization of the mountainous territory and the properties of the integral geomapplexes of Chornohora, on the example of the key-site Sheshul – Petros, as well as regularities of the distribution of negative natural processes, the main centers and scale of the influence of the pasturage objects on the specific natural territorial complexes of the level of the tract were determined. On the landscape basis there are conditionally distinguished highland natural complexes from artificially developed pasture lands of forest middle level tier. The largest field pasturing type in the vicinity of the key area of Sheshul – Petros, the features of their placement and functioning, as well as the extent of attracting highland tracts, which are also used in the economy as pasture land in our research. The analysis of the morphological structure of the highlands made it possible to establish regularities of the organization of natural complexes, which express the properties and ecological state of the polonina pasture lands, and to develop recommendations for optimization of the pasturage as the main land useage of the highlands of Chornohora.