Different Responses of Endemic and Alien Tree Squirrels to Tree Seed Chemicals

IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Mammal Study Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI:10.3106/ms2020-0108
N. Tamura, Mutsumi Ito, F. Hayashi
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Abstract. Quercus acorns and coniferous cones are the main food sources for tree squirrels, and the chemical contents of seeds, such as tannins and terpenes, are predicted to affect the squirrels' food preference. The tolerance of squirrels to chemical contents may vary between species that have evolved in different environments. The consumption of artificial food containing tannic acids or terpenes were compared between the endemic Sciurus lis and two alien species, S. vulgaris and Callosciurus erythraeus. Sciurus lis ate foods containing up to 4% tannic acid, whereas S. vulgaris and C. erythraeus ate foods containing 8% tannic acid. Sciurus lis and S. vulgaris could eat food containing a high concentration of terpenes (up to 0.3% α-pinene and 2% limonene), whereas the food consumption by C. erythraeus decreased drastically with increasing terpene concentrations. The two alien squirrels are highly resistant to tannins and thus the acorns of most Quercus species may be available for them. Sciurus lis exhibits a lower tolerance to tannins, but can consume foods with high concentrations of terpenes, suggesting a strong adaptation to coniferous forests, but not to Quercus forests. More attention must be paid to conserving suitable habitats for S. lis, an endemic relict species.
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乡土松鼠和外来松鼠对树种化学物质的不同反应
摘要栎果和针叶锥是树松鼠的主要食物来源,据预测,种子中的化学成分,如单宁和萜烯,会影响松鼠的食物偏好。松鼠对化学物质的耐受性可能因在不同环境中进化的物种而异。比较了地方性Sciurus lis与两种外来物种S.vulgaris和Callosciurus erytraeus对含单宁酸或萜烯的人工食物的消费情况。Sciurus lis吃的食物含有高达4%的鞣酸,而S.vulgaris和C.erytraeus吃的食物含8%的鞣酸。Sciurus lis和S.vulgaris可以食用含有高浓度萜烯(高达0.3%的α-蒎烯和2%的柠檬烯)的食物,而C.erythraeus的食物消耗量随着萜烯浓度的增加而急剧减少。这两只外来松鼠对单宁有很强的抵抗力,因此大多数栎属物种的橡子可能对它们有用。Sciurus lis对单宁的耐受性较低,但可以食用高浓度萜烯的食物,这表明它对针叶林有很强的适应能力,但对栎林没有适应能力。必须更加注意为S.lis(一种特有的遗迹物种)保护合适的栖息地。
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来源期刊
Mammal Study
Mammal Study ZOOLOGY-
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
20.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Mammal Study is the official journal of the Mammal Society of Japan. It publishes original articles, short communications, and reviews on all aspects of mammalogy quarterly, written in English.
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