Systematic review of interventions to address suicidal behavior among people with a history of intimate partner violence: Promises and gaps across the globe

Abstract

Literature has shown a critical link between the experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) and suicidal behavior (i.e., suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts). Both epidemics are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide; yet there remains a dearth in scientific understanding of how interventions can synergistically address IPV and suicidal behavior. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of intervention studies across the globe that reported suicidal behavior outcomes among people with a history of IPV. Articles were included if they reported quantitative findings related to suicidal behavior. We did not limit studies by age, location, study design, sexual orientation, or gender. Our search yielded 2924 abstracts for screening, resulting in six relevant articles from a total of five study interventions. Studies were conducted in the United States, Spain, South Africa, and Iran. Study populations primarily included cisgender women, however, one study additionally included cisgender men, and another included transgender women. Four were individual level interventions; the remaining study also targeted structural level factors. There were mixed findings on intervention effects on suicidal behaviors, although all studies indicated some statistically significant findings. Despite evidence linking IPV and suicidal behavior, we found very few intervention studies that address or measure suicidal behavior among populations with a history of IPV. Findings suggest the need for more robust designs, consistent use of measures, and work across more diverse populations and regions. Additionally, findings suggest an urgent need for more attention to suicidal behavior as part of mental health and risk focused interventions for survivors of IPV.