Aggression and Violent Behavior最新文献

The management of aggression in third wave behavioral therapies: A systematic review 第三波行为疗法中的攻击行为管理：系统回顾

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102012

Kaique P. de Almeida, André H.N. da Silva, Vanessa D. Di Rienzo

Aggressive behavior has long been a focal point of inquiry within behavioral therapies. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews synthesizing the efficacy of third-wave behavioral therapies in managing aggression. This study addresses this gap through a systematic review, examining the effectiveness of third-generation behavioral therapies—Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Functional Analytical Psychotherapy (FAP), and Behavioral Activation (BA)—in managing aggressive behavior among adults.

Out of 38 articles selected for full reading, only six met the criteria for inclusion in this synthesis: three employing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) as an intervention strategy and three employing Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). Merely three of these studies were RCTs. Overall, these interventions exhibited a notable reduction in aggressive behavior during the treatment phase but failed to maintain this improvement during follow-up assessments.

This review contextualizes its findings in relation to existing systematic reviews and employs the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies to gauge the level of evidence. The collective evidence underscores the need for additional research employing diverse intervention strategies, with the objective of establishing more robust and enduring treatments for aggressive behavior.

长期以来，攻击行为一直是行为疗法研究的焦点。然而，目前还缺乏全面综述第三波行为疗法在控制攻击行为方面的疗效。本研究通过系统性综述填补了这一空白，研究了第三代行为疗法--辩证行为疗法（DBT）、接纳与承诺疗法（ACT）、功能分析心理疗法（FAP）和行为激活疗法（BA）--在控制成人攻击行为方面的有效性。在38篇被选作全文阅读的文章中，只有6篇符合纳入本综述的标准：3篇采用接纳与承诺疗法（ACT）作为干预策略，3篇采用辩证行为疗法（DBT）。这些研究中只有三项是研究性临床试验（RCT）。总体而言，这些干预措施在治疗阶段显著减少了攻击性行为，但在后续评估中未能保持这种改善。本综述结合现有的系统性综述对其研究结果进行了分析，并采用定量研究质量评估工具来衡量证据水平。这些综合证据强调，有必要开展更多的研究，采用不同的干预策略，以建立更稳健、更持久的攻击性行为治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

Hate/bias crime against racial/ethnic minorities in the United States: A systematic review of empirical research and assessment of next steps 美国针对少数种族/族裔的仇恨/偏见犯罪：对实证研究的系统审查和对下一步行动的评估

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102005

Chunrye Kim , Hyeyoung Lim , Claire Seungeun Lee

Hate/bias crimes against race and national origins have been among the most critical and long-standing issues in America. However, hate/bias crimes against minorities, especially targeting Asians, have been insufficiently studied. Using a systematic review, we examine how hate crimes against racial/ethnic minorities have been studied. To be included in this review, studies needed to meet the following criteria: (1) exclusively use peer-reviewed empirical articles published in English, (2) be published between 2000 and 2022, (3) focus on original empirical research examining hate and bias crimes against racial/ethnic minorities in the United States, (4) measure hate or bias crimes (i.e., bias victimization) using official reports or self-reports, and (5) directly measure hate/bias crime as either exposure or an outcome. A total of 26 articles from Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Crossref that met the criteria were analyzed. This study finds that the number of articles on hate and bias crimes has significantly increased since the COVID-19 pandemic. Interestingly, there was a notable lack of studies specifically measuring hate and bias crimes against Asians before 2022. Additionally, all the studies included in this review were quantitative and predominantly cross-sectional. Most of these studies focused on multiple racial groups, including Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians, often comparing their experiences with hate crimes by racial group. While many studies used secondary datasets such as UCR, NIBRS, and NCVS, only a few offered policy recommendations based on their findings. We recommend future research to address the gap in scholarly articles on hate and bias crimes against racial and ethnic minorities in the US.

针对种族和民族血统的仇恨/偏见犯罪一直是美国最关键和最长期的问题之一。然而，针对少数群体，尤其是针对亚裔的仇恨/偏见犯罪却没有得到充分研究。通过系统回顾，我们考察了针对少数种族/民族的仇恨犯罪的研究情况。要纳入本综述，研究必须符合以下标准：(1)仅使用同行评议过的英文实证文章；(2)发表于 2000 年至 2022 年之间；(3)侧重于研究美国针对少数种族/族裔的仇恨和偏见犯罪的原创性实证研究；(4)使用官方报告或自我报告来衡量仇恨或偏见犯罪（即偏见受害）；(5)直接衡量仇恨/偏见犯罪的暴露或结果。本研究分析了 Web of Science、Scopus、PsycINFO 和 Crossref 中符合标准的 26 篇文章。本研究发现，自 COVID-19 大流行以来，有关仇恨和偏见犯罪的文章数量显著增加。有趣的是，在 2022 年之前，专门针对亚洲人的仇恨和偏见犯罪的研究明显不足。此外，本综述中包含的所有研究均为定量研究，且以横断面研究为主。这些研究大多关注多个种族群体，包括黑人、西班牙裔和亚裔，通常按种族群体比较他们在仇恨犯罪方面的经历。虽然许多研究使用了二级数据集，如 UCR、NIBRS 和 NCVS，但只有少数研究根据其发现提出了政策建议。我们建议今后开展研究，以弥补有关美国针对少数种族和族裔的仇恨和偏见犯罪的学术文章的不足。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of hot spots policing on violence: A systematic review and meta-analysis 热点警务对暴力的影响：系统回顾与荟萃分析

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102011

Brandon Turchan , Anthony A. Braga

Violence is highly concentrated in a small number of very specific “hot spot” locations within cities. The concentration of violence at these places tends to be stable over extended time periods, suggesting highly localized place characteristics and dynamics generate persistent violence. Research suggests police can be effective in controlling violence when they focus their attention on these small high-violence locations. Past systematic reviews and meta-analyses of hot spots policing studies have not fully considered how this strategy impacts violence in general and its specific effects on violent crime types such as assaults, robberies, and violent firearm crimes. This study draws on data used in a previously completed systematic review of hot spots policing programs including 32 studies with 38 tests of the effects of this police strategy on violence. Meta-analyses report hot spots policing is associated with significant reductions in violence in treated places relative to comparison places without evidence of violent crime displacement. Increased traditional policing interventions reduced violence in treated hot spots as did problem-oriented policing interventions when implemented properly. Police departments adopting this effective violence reduction approach must design these programs in ways that do not create unintended harms, such as excessive enforcement, on communities.

暴力事件高度集中在城市中少数非常特殊的 "热点 "地区。这些地方的暴力集中程度往往在较长时间内保持稳定，这表明高度本地化的地方特征和动态会产生持续的暴力。研究表明，当警方将注意力集中在这些暴力事件高发的小地点时，可以有效地控制暴力事件。过去对热点地区治安研究的系统回顾和荟萃分析并未充分考虑这一策略对暴力的总体影响，以及对袭击、抢劫和暴力枪支犯罪等暴力犯罪类型的具体影响。本研究借鉴了之前完成的热点治安项目系统性回顾中使用的数据，其中包括 32 项研究和 38 次关于该警务策略对暴力事件影响的测试。元分析结果表明，热点地区警务与对比地区相比，在没有暴力犯罪转移证据的情况下，受影响地区的暴力事件显著减少。增加传统的治安干预措施与适当实施以问题为导向的治安干预措施一样，都能减少热点地区的暴力事件。采用这种有效减少暴力方法的警察部门在设计这些方案时，必须避免对社区造成意外伤害，如过度执法。

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引用次数: 0

Longitudinal associations between peer victimisation subtypes and children and adolescents' anxiety: A meta-analysis 同伴伤害亚型与儿童和青少年焦虑之间的纵向联系：荟萃分析

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102013

Elene Nicola, Kiki Mastroyannopoulou, Honor Reeves, Laura Pass

This meta-analysis examined the bidirectional effects between types of peer victimisation and anxiety. It also investigated types of anxiety as a potential moderator of this relationship, which has not been examined within a meta-analytic framework previously. Five electronic databases were searched and longitudinal studies exclusively utilising published and validated measures for peer victimisation subtypes and anxiety symptomology were included. A total of 3760 articles were screened and 14 studies with a total of 11,307 participants met inclusion criteria. Results showed significant bidirectional effects between anxiety and several subtypes of victimisations including cyber, overt, relational, and reputational victimisation. Although significant effects were seen among all associations, these were all deemed as small, except for relational peer victimisation predicting anxiety over time which was considered to be a moderate effect size. Moderator analysis of anxiety types suggested that relational peer victimisation predicted social anxiety to a greater and more significant extent than general symptoms of anxiety. It was also found that general anxiety symptoms were significantly greater at predicting overt peer victimisation over time than social anxiety symptoms. These results hold implications for theories around the development and maintenance of anxiety, as well as providing evidence to inform treatments and interventions for both anxiety disorders and programmes aimed to prevent peer victimisation.

本荟萃分析研究了同伴受害类型与焦虑之间的双向影响。它还研究了作为这种关系潜在调节因素的焦虑类型，而这种调节因素以前从未在荟萃分析框架内进行过研究。研究人员检索了五个电子数据库，并纳入了完全采用已发表且经过验证的同伴伤害亚型和焦虑症状测量方法进行的纵向研究。共筛选出 3760 篇文章，符合纳入标准的有 14 项研究，共有 11307 名参与者。研究结果显示，焦虑与多种受害亚型（包括网络受害、公开受害、关系受害和名誉受害）之间存在明显的双向影响。尽管在所有关联中都发现了明显的效应，但这些效应都被认为是小的，只有关系性同伴受害会随着时间的推移预测焦虑，这被认为是中等程度的效应。对焦虑类型的调节分析表明，与一般焦虑症状相比，同伴关系伤害对社交焦虑的预测作用更大、更明显。此外，研究还发现，一般焦虑症状对公开的同伴伤害的预测作用明显大于社交焦虑症状。这些结果对有关焦虑的发展和维持的理论具有重要意义，同时也为焦虑症的治疗和干预以及旨在预防同伴伤害的计划提供了证据。

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引用次数: 0

Methods used to link crimes using behaviour: A literature review 将犯罪行为与行为联系起来的方法：文献综述

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102014

Amy Burrell, Benjamin Costello, Jessica Woodhams

This paper reviews the crime linkage literature to identify how data were pre-processed for analysis, methods used to predict linkage status/series membership, and methods used to assess the accuracy of linkage predictions. Thirteen databases were searched, with 77 papers meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Methods used to pre-process data were human judgement, similarity metrics (including machine learning approaches), spatial and temporal measures, and Mokken Scaling. Jaccard's coefficient and other measures of similarity (e.g., temporal proximity, inter-crime distance, similarity vectors) are the most common ways of pre-processing data. Methods for predicting linkage status were varied and included human (expert) judgement, logistic regression, multi-dimensional scaling, discriminant function analysis, principal component analysis and multiple correspondence analysis, Bayesian methods, fuzzy logic, and iterative classification trees. A common method used to assess linkage-prediction accuracy was to calculate the hit rate, although position on a ranked list was also used, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis has emerged as a popular method of assessing accuracy.

本文回顾了犯罪关联文献，以确定如何对数据进行分析前处理、用于预测关联状态/序列成员资格的方法，以及用于评估关联预测准确性的方法。本文检索了 13 个数据库，共有 77 篇论文符合纳入/排除标准。用于数据预处理的方法有人工判断、相似度量（包括机器学习方法）、空间和时间测量以及莫肯缩放。雅卡德系数和其他相似性度量（如时间接近性、犯罪间距离、相似性向量）是最常用的数据预处理方法。预测关联状态的方法多种多样，包括人工（专家）判断、逻辑回归、多维缩放、判别函数分析、主成分分析和多重对应分析、贝叶斯方法、模糊逻辑和迭代分类树。评估关联预测准确性的常用方法是计算命中率，但也使用排序列表中的位置，接收者操作特征（ROC）分析已成为评估准确性的常用方法。

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引用次数: 0

Experiences of forensic mental health patients and professionals with shared violence risk assessment and management: A scoping review of qualitative studies 法医精神病患者和专业人员在共同暴力风险评估和管理方面的经验：定性研究范围综述

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102009

Mimosa Luigi , Laurie-Anne Martinez , Laurence Roy , Anne G. Crocker

Person-centered care and shared decision-making between inpatients and professionals have become guiding principles for mental health care, yet their integration in forensic services remains limited by security-driven and legal considerations. In this context, emerging models of shared risk assessment and risk management could transform forensic patients' experience of, engagement in, and satisfaction with care. However, little evidence informs how shared approaches can improve these experiences of care and be successfully implemented in the forensic context.

A scoping review was conducted to understand the experiences of forensic patients and professionals in implementing shared approaches for violence risk assessment and management. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and ProQuest were searched for qualitative studies, restricting to inpatient adult settings and interventions targeting hetero-aggression or violence. Raters screened records, appraised quality, and charted findings for narrative synthesis and meta-aggregation.

From 1325 non-duplicate records screened, four articles were selected featuring three multicomponent approaches and one risk assessment tool. Both patients and professionals reported benefits, such as improved therapeutic relationships and patient self-understanding. Participants outlined interpersonal-, intervention-, and organizational-level barriers for patients to effectively influence decision-making. Practice and research implications are discussed, including training needs, how to address and leverage disagreements, and developing organizational change strategies to support shared approaches.

以人为本的护理以及住院病人与专业人员之间的共同决策已成为精神健康护理的指导原则，但将其融入法医服务仍受到安全驱动和法律因素的限制。在这种情况下，新兴的共享风险评估和风险管理的模式可以改变法医病人对护理的体验、参与度和满意度。为了了解法医患者和专业人员在实施暴力风险评估和管理共享方法方面的经验，我们进行了一项范围界定综述。我们检索了MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL、PsycINFO和ProQuest中的定性研究，研究对象仅限于成人住院环境和针对异性侵害或暴力的干预措施。评分员筛选记录、评估质量，并将结果制成图表，以便进行叙述性综合和元汇总。从筛选出的 1325 条非重复记录中，选出了四篇文章，其中包括三种多成分方法和一种风险评估工具。患者和专业人员都报告了他们的获益，如改善了治疗关系和患者的自我认识。参与者概述了患者在人际、干预和组织层面上影响决策的障碍。讨论了实践和研究意义，包括培训需求、如何解决和利用分歧，以及制定组织变革策略以支持共同方法。

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引用次数: 0

School bullying perpetration and victimization as predictors of youth delinquency: A meta-analysis of prospective studies and data 校园欺凌行为和受害情况是青少年犯罪的预测因素：对前瞻性研究和数据的荟萃分析

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102010

Glenn D. Walters

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the prospective relationship between bullying perpetration/victimization and delinquency in longitudinal/prospective studies published up through 2023. An electronic review of the literature identified 13 studies (19 samples; mean age of bullying = 13.45 years; N = 11,565 for perpetration and 21,640 for victimization) for the current meta-analysis. A random-effects analysis revealed that bullying perpetration produced a medium pooled effect size (r_x1y = 0.24) and bullying victimization a small pooled effect size (r_x2y = 0.13) when correlated with future delinquency. Partial correlations controlling for the alternate bullying measure (i.e., bullying victimization in the case of bullying perpetration, and bullying perpetration in the case of bullying victimization) were moderate (r_x1y.x2 = 0.20) and very small (r_x2y.x1 = 0.04) for bullying perpetration and bullying victimization, respectively. Results from this meta-analysis support bullying perpetration as a developmental antecedent of delinquency. Bullying victimization may also be linked to delinquency but at a level one-half to one-fifth the size of bullying perpetration.

本荟萃分析的目的是调查截至 2023 年发表的纵向/前瞻性研究中欺凌实施/受害与犯罪之间的前瞻性关系。通过对文献进行电子检索，为本次荟萃分析确定了 13 项研究（19 个样本；遭受欺凌的平均年龄 = 13.45 岁；施暴人数 = 11,565 人，受害人数 = 21,640 人）。随机效应分析表明，当欺凌行为与未来犯罪相关时，欺凌实施行为产生的集合效应大小为中等（rx1y = 0.24），欺凌受害行为产生的集合效应大小为小（rx2y = 0.13）。在控制了替代欺凌测量（即在欺凌实施的情况下控制欺凌受害，在欺凌受害的情况下控制欺凌实施）的部分相关性后，欺凌实施和欺凌受害的相关性分别为中等（rx1y.x2 = 0.20）和极小（rx2y.x1 = 0.04）。这项荟萃分析的结果支持将欺凌行为作为犯罪的发展前因。欺凌行为受害也可能与犯罪有关，但其程度仅为欺凌行为的二分之一至五分之一。

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引用次数: 0

Neuro-cognitive systems that, when dysfunctional, increase aggression risk and the potential for translation into clinical tools 功能失调时会增加攻击风险的神经认知系统以及转化为临床工具的潜力

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102007

R.J.R. Blair

The goal of this narrative review paper is to consider forms of neurocognitive dysfunction that increase risk for reactive and instrumental aggression. Neuro-cognitive functions that appear to mediate, inhibit or moderate reactive and instrumental aggression are identified and data on the association between perturbations of these neuro-cognitive functions and aggression risk are considered. The neuro-cognitive functions considered are: the acute threat response, emotion regulation, reinforcement-based decision-making, response control, empathy (responsiveness to distress cues) and affiliation. Their functional roles, putative neural substrates and data indicating dysfunction in aggressive populations will be considered. Moreover, brief considerations will be given regarding the impact of early life stress (abuse and neglect) may have on their development. Finally, the current situation with respect to the potential utility of neuro-cognitive indices and how such neuro-cognitive systems might be assessed is considered.

这篇叙述性综述论文的目的是探讨神经认知功能障碍会增加反应性和工具性攻击行为风险的形式。本文确定了似乎能介导、抑制或缓和反应性和工具性攻击行为的神经认知功能，并考虑了这些神经认知功能紊乱与攻击行为风险之间的关联数据。考虑的神经认知功能包括：急性威胁反应、情绪调节、基于强化的决策、反应控制、移情（对痛苦线索的反应）和从属关系。将考虑它们的功能作用、假定的神经基质以及表明攻击性人群功能障碍的数据。此外，还将简要考虑早期生活压力（虐待和忽视）可能对它们的发展产生的影响。最后，还将考虑神经认知指数的潜在效用以及如何评估这些神经认知系统的现状。

引用次数: 0

Reducing antisocial behavior through cognitive training: A systematic review and meta-analysis 通过认知训练减少反社会行为：系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102006

Patrizia Pezzoli , Alexandra Therond , Maja Nikolic , Sarah K. Watts , Synthia Guimond , Michael C. Seto

Cognitive deficits are a key risk factor for severe and persistent antisocial behavior (ASB); however, whether improving cognitive functioning reduces ASB remains unclear. To address this question, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive training interventions among individuals displaying ASB.

We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for studies published between 1990 and 2023. Of 529 records screened and 54 full-texts assessed, we identified 14 studies including a total of 601 participants (age M = 39.12, SD = 9.33, 84 % male). Most studies aimed at improving multiple cognitive domains. Cognitive training yielded moderate reductions in ASB (g = 0.59, p < .001 in pre-post studies; g = 0.36, p = .003 in controlled trials). Effect sizes were larger for interventions targeting social cognition. Cognitive improvements were moderate in pre-post studies (g = 0.51, p < .001) but non-significant in controlled trials (g = 0.11, p = .27).

Cognitive training holds promise as a complementary approach for reducing ASB, but greater theoretical and measurement precision is needed to elucidate the mechanisms driving behavioral change. Future research directions include anchoring interventions on cognitive models of ASB, aligning treatment and assessment targets, and evaluating treatment moderators, scalability, and transfer effects.

认知缺陷是严重和持续的反社会行为（ASB）的一个关键风险因素；然而，改善认知功能是否会减少反社会行为仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们对有 ASB 表现的个体进行了认知训练干预的系统回顾和荟萃分析。我们在 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 上检索了 1990 年至 2023 年间发表的研究。在筛选的 529 条记录和评估的 54 篇全文中，我们确定了 14 项研究，共涉及 601 名参与者（年龄 M = 39.12，SD = 9.33，84% 为男性）。大多数研究旨在改善多个认知领域。认知训练可适度减少 ASB（前后研究中 g = 0.59，p < .001；对照试验中 g = 0.36，p = .003）。针对社会认知的干预效果更大。在事后研究中，认知能力的改善是适度的（g = 0.51，p = .001），但在对照试验中，认知能力的改善并不显著（g = 0.11，p = .27）。认知训练有望成为减少 ASB 的补充方法，但需要更高的理论和测量精度来阐明行为改变的驱动机制。未来的研究方向包括根据 ASB 认知模型确定干预措施，调整治疗和评估目标，以及评估治疗调节因素、可扩展性和转移效应。

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引用次数: 0

The unusual suspects: A systematic search for the molecular and cellular correlates of human aggression 不寻常的嫌疑人系统探寻人类攻击行为的分子和细胞相关因素

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.102002

Tiago O. Paiva , Macià Buades-Rotger , Arielle Baskin-Sommers , Inti A. Brazil

Decades of research have uncovered several molecules and cell types (i.e., biomolecules) associated with aggression, violence, and hostility (AVH). In this systematic review, we aimed to identify which of these biomolecules have been predominantly studied in relation to AVH in human adults, and to obtain a general sense of the direction of the effects reported for each identified biomolecule. Eighty-one studies (out of 2914 initial abstracts) were included in the review, totaling 198 effects and 29,565 participants. Hormones, particularly testosterone and cortisol, were by far the most studied biomolecules (57.58 %), followed by cytokines (14.14 %), proteins (9.09 %), and neurotransmitters (4.55 %). Out of all extracted statistical effects, 15.1 % reported a negative association, 45.5 % reported no association, and 39.4 % reported a positive association between AVH and the biomolecules, although this pattern varied substantially for individual biomolecules. We also identified some research on biomolecules pertaining to the immune system, which could turn out to play crucial roles in advancing our understanding of AVH. These quantitative insights into the current state of biochemical research on AVH in human adults provide a basis for shaping a broader and more integrative research agenda for studying AVH.

数十年的研究发现了与攻击、暴力和敌意（AVH）相关的几种分子和细胞类型（即生物分子）。在这篇系统性综述中，我们旨在确定这些生物分子中哪些与人类成年人的攻击性、暴力和敌意有关，并对已确定的每种生物分子的影响方向有一个大致的了解。有 81 项研究（2914 份初步摘要中的 81 项）被纳入综述，共涉及 198 种效应和 29,565 名参与者。荷尔蒙，尤其是睾酮和皮质醇，是迄今为止研究最多的生物大分子（57.58%），其次是细胞因子（14.14%）、蛋白质（9.09%）和神经递质（4.55%）。在所有提取的统计效应中，15.1% 的报告称 AVH 与生物大分子之间存在负相关，45.5% 的报告称两者之间没有关联，39.4% 的报告称两者之间存在正相关，但这一模式在单个生物大分子之间存在很大差异。我们还发现了一些与免疫系统有关的生物大分子研究，它们可能会在促进我们对 AVH 的了解方面发挥关键作用。这些对人类成人 AVH 生物化学研究现状的定量分析，为制定更广泛、更综合的 AVH 研究议程奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0