The inverse U-shaped relationship between challenge stressors and workplace learning outcomes: a study of young employees in Japan

Abstract

Purpose In recent years, scholars have questioned the linear relationship between challenge stressors and positive outcomes. Nevertheless, few studies have examined whether challenge stressors and workplace learning outcomes have an inverse U-shaped relationship. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether challenge stressors have an inverse U-shaped relationship with workplace learning outcomes among young Japanese employees. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 1,257 individuals in two time periods through an internet survey and analyzed using regression analysis. Findings The findings suggest that challenge stressors have an inverse U-shaped relationship with workplace learning outcomes. Practical implications The relationship between challenge stressors and workplace learning outcomes is positive until a certain point and becomes negative after a certain point. Hence, when promoting learning outcomes among young employees, supervisors should be careful to avoid subjecting employees to very little or excessive amount of challenge stressors. Originality/value This study provides evidence supporting the assumption that the relationship between challenge stressors and positive outcomes has an inverted U-shape.