{"title":"Measuring and interpreting the differences of the nations’ scientific specialization indexes by output and by input","authors":"G. Abramo, Ciriaco Andrea D’Angelo, F. D. Costa","doi":"10.1162/qss_a_00206","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper compares the national scientific profiles of 199 countries in 254 fields, tracked by two indices of scientific specialization based respectively on indicators of input and output. For each country, the indicator of inputs considers the number of researchers in each field. The output indicator, named Total Fractional Impact, based on the citations of publications indexed in the Web of Science, measures the scholarly impact of knowledge produced in each field. For each country, the approach allows us to measure the deviations between the two profiles, thereby revealing potential differences in research efficiency and/or capital allocation across fields, compared to benchmark countries.","PeriodicalId":34021,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Science Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"755-775"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Quantitative Science Studies","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00206","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Abstract This paper compares the national scientific profiles of 199 countries in 254 fields, tracked by two indices of scientific specialization based respectively on indicators of input and output. For each country, the indicator of inputs considers the number of researchers in each field. The output indicator, named Total Fractional Impact, based on the citations of publications indexed in the Web of Science, measures the scholarly impact of knowledge produced in each field. For each country, the approach allows us to measure the deviations between the two profiles, thereby revealing potential differences in research efficiency and/or capital allocation across fields, compared to benchmark countries.
摘要本文采用分别基于投入指标和产出指标的科学专业化两个指标，比较了199个国家254个领域的国家科学概况。对于每个国家，投入指标考虑了每个领域的研究人员数量。这一产出指标名为“总分数影响”(Total Fractional Impact)，它基于在科学网(Web of Science)上索引的出版物被引用的次数，衡量每个领域产生的知识的学术影响。对于每个国家，该方法使我们能够衡量两种概况之间的偏差，从而揭示与基准国家相比，研究效率和/或跨领域资本配置的潜在差异。
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