Psychology Exceptionalism and the Multiple Discovery of the Replication Crisis

IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Review of General Psychology Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI:10.1177/10892680211046508
Nicole C. Nelson, Julie Chung, Kelsey Ichikawa, M. Malik
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

This article outlines what we call the “narrative of psychology exceptionalism” in commentaries on the replication crisis: many thoughtful commentaries link the current crisis to the specificity of psychology’s history, methods, and subject matter, but explorations of the similarities between psychology and other fields are comparatively thin. Historical analyses of the replication crisis in psychology further contribute to this exceptionalism by creating a genealogy of events and personalities that shares little in common with other fields. We aim to rebalance this narrative by examining the emergence and evolution of replication discussions in psychology alongside their emergence and evolution in biomedicine. Through a mixed-methods analysis of commentaries on replication in psychology and the biomedical sciences, we find that these conversations have, from the early years of the crisis, shared a common core that centers on concerns about the effectiveness of traditional peer review, the need for greater transparency in methods and data, and the perverse incentive structure of academia. Drawing on Robert Merton’s framework for analyzing multiple discovery in science, we argue that the nearly simultaneous emergence of this narrative across fields suggests that there are shared historical, cultural, or institutional factors driving disillusionment with established scientific practices.
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心理学例外论与复制危机的多重发现
本文在对复制危机的评论中概述了我们所称的“心理学例外论叙事”:许多深思熟虑的评论将当前的危机与心理学的历史、方法和主题的特殊性联系起来,但对心理学与其他领域之间相似性的探索相对较少。心理学中对复制危机的历史分析通过创建一个与其他领域几乎没有共同点的事件和个性谱系,进一步促进了这种例外论。我们的目标是通过研究心理学中复制讨论的出现和演变以及它们在生物医学中的出现和进化来重新平衡这种叙事。通过对心理学和生物医学中关于复制的评论进行混合方法分析,我们发现,从危机爆发的最初几年起,这些对话就有一个共同的核心,集中在对传统同行评审的有效性、提高方法和数据透明度的必要性以及学术界反常的激励结构的担忧上。根据罗伯特·默顿分析科学中多重发现的框架,我们认为,这种叙事在各个领域几乎同时出现,这表明有共同的历史、文化或制度因素导致人们对既定科学实践的幻灭。
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来源期刊
Review of General Psychology
Review of General Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
4.80%
发文量
26
期刊介绍: Review of General Psychology seeks to publish innovative theoretical, conceptual, or methodological articles that cross-cut the traditional subdisciplines of psychology. The journal contains articles that advance theory, evaluate and integrate research literatures, provide a new historical analysis, or discuss new methodological developments in psychology as a whole. Review of General Psychology is especially interested in articles that bridge gaps between subdisciplines in psychology as well as related fields or that focus on topics that transcend traditional subdisciplinary boundaries.
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