A wrapping fit of ski boots improves performance and fit in skiers

Abstract

Rigid plastic boots are worn during alpine skiing to enable efficient energy transfer during ski turns. A softer or looser boot could dissipate the transfer of power, resulting in less responsive turning. Boot flexion stiffness is affected by boot materials, user anthropometrics, and the skier’s boot closure preferences (Immler et al., 2019). As a result, boot fit is a critical component of performance. Tight-fitting boots result in high foot pressures, which can impair motor control and temperature regulation. In athletic shoes, alternative fit systems result in a more uniform pressure distribution under the foot, including lower peak pressures under the heel and toes (Harrison et al., 2021). Reduced pressure may alleviate symptoms of pain and coldness associated with ski boots (Fontanella et al., 2021), which could improve performance. Ski performance can be parameterized as a set of force attributes during carving turns; specifically, greater force on the downhill foot, force under the forefoot and rate of force development during turn initiation are associated with expert skiers relative to novices.