Social Media as a Mechanism for Developing and Reproducing Migration Strategies (Using the Example of Digital Platform Profiles of Russian-Speaking Migrants in Korea)

Q3 Social Sciences Sotsiologicheskiy Zhurnal Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI:10.19181/socjour.2023.29.2.2
D. Timoshkin, Darya Pchelkina, Andrei Samarin, V. Khvorostov, Roman Tomilin
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Abstract

This article analyzes texts written by users of Russian-language digital communication platforms on the topic of emigration to the Republic of Korea. The purpose of the study was to determine what meanings are attributed to the Republic in these texts, and how these images can affect the migration strategies of Russian-speaking migrants. The texts were sourced from relevant communities inside the largest social networks by the number of Russian-speaking users. The research method of choice was discourse analysis. Korea was regarded as an intersectional symbol that combines “migrant” texts into a single discourse. Its significance was determined by means of the authors of the messages constructing associations between the host country and certain situations and actions. It was established that pendulum migrants working in the country illegally, educational migrants, intermediaries, and communities of fans of Korean popular culture are most actively involved in shaping the image of Korea within the considered social media platforms. The messages posted by those users who focus on the shadow segment of the labor market portray Korea as a country that deals with visitors employed in this segment in as lenient a manner as possible. During the visa-free period, you can earn more here than in six months back home, without knowing the language and without having any skills, after which you can go home and return to Korea again once the money you earned has run out. This group describes the following strategy: you enter the country as a tourist for 60 days, and find a job on “samushil” or through an intermediary. Then return to Russia temporarily, or stay in Korea illegally, or use such mechanisms as political asylum and marriage of convenience. Educational migrants describe Korea as a developed, safe and wealthy country, with optimal conditions for permanent residency. Many describe the following strategy: get into the country on a student visa, receive an education, find a job in areas somehow related to servicing Russian-speaking migration flows. Some count on legalization through marriage to a member of the host community. Groups dedicated to Korean popular culture associate the Republic with a male idol, overconsumption, scenery and drama characters. Their users might describe either of the strategies mentioned above. A group of intermediaries reproduces the images conveyed by the texts produced by illegal migrants and k-pop communities, idealizing Korea and omitting the numerous difficulties and risks associated with staying there. Intermediaries essentially provide customers with the opportunity to become a part of this image by selling them paths of migration to and integration in Korea, which are often utilized by pendulum and educational migrants. According to G. Klein’s model of decision-making in a situation of uncertainty, it can be assumed that “migrant” social media containing these images contribute to the dissemination and reproduction of appropriate migration strategies, influencing the direction and content of migration flows between Korea and the CIS countries.
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社交媒体作为制定和复制移民策略的机制(以韩国俄语移民的数字平台简介为例)
本文分析了俄语数字通信平台用户撰写的关于移民到大韩民国的文本。该研究的目的是确定这些文本中共和国的含义,以及这些图像如何影响讲俄语的移民的移民策略。这些文本来源于俄语用户数量最多的社交网络内的相关社区。选择的研究方法是话语分析。韩国被视为一个交叉符号,将“移民”文本结合成一个单一的话语。其意义是通过信息作者在东道国与某些情况和行动之间建立联系来确定的。已经确定,在该国非法工作的钟摆移民、教育移民、中介机构和韩国流行文化粉丝社区最积极地参与在考虑的社交媒体平台内塑造韩国形象。那些关注劳动力市场影子部门的用户发布的信息将韩国描绘成一个以尽可能宽松的方式对待在这一部门就业的游客的国家。在免签证期间,你可以在这里赚比回国六个月更多的钱,而不需要懂语言,也不需要任何技能,之后你可以回家,一旦赚的钱用完,就可以再次返回韩国。该小组描述了以下策略:你以游客身份进入该国60天,然后在“samushil”或通过中介找到一份工作。然后暂时返回俄罗斯,或非法留在韩国,或利用政治庇护和便利婚姻等机制。受过教育的移民将韩国描述为一个发达、安全和富裕的国家,拥有最佳的永久居留条件。许多人描述了以下策略:持学生签证进入该国,接受教育,在与服务俄语移民有关的领域找到工作。有些人指望通过与寄宿社区成员结婚而合法化。致力于韩国流行文化的团体将共和国与男性偶像、过度消费、风景和戏剧人物联系在一起。他们的用户可能会描述上面提到的任何一种策略。一群中间人再现了非法移民和k-pop社区制作的文本所传达的图像,将韩国理想化,并省略了与留在那里相关的许多困难和风险。中介机构本质上为客户提供了成为这一形象一部分的机会,向他们出售移民和融入韩国的途径,这些途径经常被钟摆式移民和教育移民所利用。根据G.Klein在不确定情况下的决策模型,可以假设包含这些图像的“移民”社交媒体有助于传播和复制适当的移民策略,影响韩国和独联体国家之间移民流动的方向和内容。
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来源期刊
Sotsiologicheskiy Zhurnal
Sotsiologicheskiy Zhurnal Social Sciences-Social Sciences (all)
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
29
审稿时长
37 weeks
期刊介绍: “Sotsiologicheskij Zhurnal” publishes the articles on sociological disciplines. Interdisciplinary studies in sociology and related disciplines, such as social psychology, cultural studies, anthropology, ethnography, etc. — are also welcomed. The main emphasis is on the fundamental research in the field of theory, methodology and history of sociology. The regular rubric highlights the results of mass surveys and case studies. The rubric “Discussion”, which debated the controversial issues of sociological research, is regular as well. The journal publishes book reviews, and summaries, as well as lists of new books in Russian and English, which represent the main areas of interdisciplinary research in the social sciences. The journal aims to not only play samples of knowledge, considered regulatory and standards of internal expertise in the professional community, but also aims for opportunities to improve them. These rules, a tough selection and decision to print only a small portion of incoming materials allow “Sotsiologicheskij Zhurnal” contribute to improving the quality of sociological research. Submitted manuscripts should show a high integrity in problem setting, problem analysis and correspond to the journal’s thematic profile and its scientific priorities.
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