The new era in the continuum of China and Iraq's relationship

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI:10.1177/20578911221140690
Zana Gul
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Abstract

The article explores the shifts in Sino–Iraqi relations since the 1950s. The article's question is: Is China and Iraq's relationship witnessing a turning point characterised by more dependency and engagement? The article explores Sino–Iraqi interdependence throughout the last six decades through primary and secondary resources, including official documents, data on trade and Chinese and Iraqi outlets. It employs Nye and Keohane's complex interdependence to evaluate Sino–Iraqi dependency. The article finds that Sino–Iraqi interdependence was non-existent between the 1950s and 1975. At the end of the 1970s, some initial elements partially emerged but did not fully materialise; these faded in the 1990s, and since 2003 complex interdependence has gradually emerged. The bilateral relationships pre-2003 made provision for the development of the ties. This has not been without challenges, particularly from Iraq. The study shows the role of the oil sector in Sino–Iraqi interdependence, the uncertainty and extent of China's Belt and Road Initiative in Iraq and the conflicting official and public debates around it.
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中伊关系进入新时代
文章探讨了自20世纪50年代以来,中伊关系的变化。这篇文章的问题是:中国和伊拉克的关系是否正在经历一个转折点,其特点是更多的依赖和接触?文章通过主要和次要资源,包括官方文件、贸易数据以及中国和伊拉克的渠道,探讨了过去60年中伊拉克的相互依存关系。它利用奈伊和基奥汉复杂的相互依存关系来评估中伊的依存关系。文章发现,在20世纪50年代至1975年间,中伊之间并不存在相互依存关系。20世纪70年代末,一些最初的元素部分出现,但没有完全实现;这些在20世纪90年代逐渐消失,自2003年以来,复杂的相互依存关系逐渐显现。2003年以前的双边关系为两国关系的发展作出了规定。这并非没有挑战,特别是来自伊拉克的挑战。该研究显示了石油部门在中伊相互依存关系中的作用,中国“一带一路”倡议倡议在伊拉克的不确定性和范围,以及围绕该倡议的官方和公众争论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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