ETHIOPIA: TOMO – INDIGENOUS CONFLICT RESOLUTION MECHANISM OF THE BENC COMMUNITY

IF 0.2 Q4 POLITICAL SCIENCE Conflict Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-07-05 DOI:10.24193/csq.36.6
T. Wondimu
{"title":"ETHIOPIA: TOMO – INDIGENOUS CONFLICT RESOLUTION MECHANISM OF THE BENC COMMUNITY","authors":"T. Wondimu","doi":"10.24193/csq.36.6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Tomo indigenous conflict resolution approach is practiced by the Benč ethnic group and their neighboring communities within the southwestern fringe of Ethiopia. As an indigenous apparatus, the Tomo approach exhibits spirituality through blessing and cursing which are directed against the accused based on complying or contravening the very indigenous dispute management rules and regulations. The objective of this study was exploring the custom through which the studied community deals with conflict by using the indigenous Tomo approach. In pursuit of this objective, the researcher utilized a qualitative approach, particularly phenomenology. In terms of data collection tools, the researcher used key-informant interview with selected Benč ritual leaders, non-participant observation on Tomo adjudication sessions and critical document analysis. Built up on such data sources, the findings of the study discovered five inferences. First, regardless of the fact that Tomo is an indigenous approach owed by Benč communities, none of the Benč neighboring communities make use ofit. Secondly, the majority of cases seen by Tomo institution are issues that deify credible eyewitness and are cumbersome for verification and/or falsification within the mainstream court system. Thirdly, unlike the habitual Tomo practice within the Benč community, contemporary Tomo exhibits two conflicting formality and informality characteristics. Due to its semi-formal nature, contemporary Tomo ritual leaders notify charges against the presumed wrongdoer by sending an invitation letter for the accused to attend the charges against him/her, comparable with formal courts. Contrary to this formality, contemporary Tomo is also characterized by informality due to the fact that verdicts given against the perpetrator are passed through ritual cursing just like the habitual Tomo. Furthermore, identical with the habitual Tomo practice, cursing within contemporary Tomo goes the presumed wrongdoer including his/her family up to some future generations along with those who feast and bury the presumed wrongdoer. Overall, contemporary Tomo has terrifying delinquency deterring outcome along with the accustomed indigenous conflict resolution mechanism features. Keywords: conflict, conflict resolution, indigenous conflict resolution, Tomo.","PeriodicalId":55922,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Conflict Studies Quarterly","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.24193/csq.36.6","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"POLITICAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Tomo indigenous conflict resolution approach is practiced by the Benč ethnic group and their neighboring communities within the southwestern fringe of Ethiopia. As an indigenous apparatus, the Tomo approach exhibits spirituality through blessing and cursing which are directed against the accused based on complying or contravening the very indigenous dispute management rules and regulations. The objective of this study was exploring the custom through which the studied community deals with conflict by using the indigenous Tomo approach. In pursuit of this objective, the researcher utilized a qualitative approach, particularly phenomenology. In terms of data collection tools, the researcher used key-informant interview with selected Benč ritual leaders, non-participant observation on Tomo adjudication sessions and critical document analysis. Built up on such data sources, the findings of the study discovered five inferences. First, regardless of the fact that Tomo is an indigenous approach owed by Benč communities, none of the Benč neighboring communities make use ofit. Secondly, the majority of cases seen by Tomo institution are issues that deify credible eyewitness and are cumbersome for verification and/or falsification within the mainstream court system. Thirdly, unlike the habitual Tomo practice within the Benč community, contemporary Tomo exhibits two conflicting formality and informality characteristics. Due to its semi-formal nature, contemporary Tomo ritual leaders notify charges against the presumed wrongdoer by sending an invitation letter for the accused to attend the charges against him/her, comparable with formal courts. Contrary to this formality, contemporary Tomo is also characterized by informality due to the fact that verdicts given against the perpetrator are passed through ritual cursing just like the habitual Tomo. Furthermore, identical with the habitual Tomo practice, cursing within contemporary Tomo goes the presumed wrongdoer including his/her family up to some future generations along with those who feast and bury the presumed wrongdoer. Overall, contemporary Tomo has terrifying delinquency deterring outcome along with the accustomed indigenous conflict resolution mechanism features. Keywords: conflict, conflict resolution, indigenous conflict resolution, Tomo.
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
埃塞俄比亚:tomo - benc社区的土著冲突解决机制
埃塞俄比亚西南部边缘的本奇族及其邻近社区采用了托莫土著冲突解决方法。作为一种土著机构,Tomo方法通过祝福和诅咒来展示精神,这些祝福和诅咒是基于遵守或违反土著争议管理规则和条例而针对被告的。本研究的目的是探索被研究社区使用土著Tomo方法处理冲突的习俗。为了追求这一目标,研究者采用了定性的方法,特别是现象学。在数据收集工具方面,研究人员使用了对选定的Benč仪式领导人的关键线人访谈、对Tomo裁决会议的非参与者观察和关键文件分析。基于这些数据来源,研究结果发现了五个推论。首先,尽管Tomo是Benč社区的一种土著方法,但Benč的邻近社区都没有使用它。其次,Tomo机构看到的大多数案件都是将可信的目击者神化的问题,并且在主流法院系统中难以核实和/或伪造。第三,与Benč社区内习惯性的托莫实践不同,当代托莫表现出两种相互冲突的正式性和非正式性特征。由于其半正式性质,当代的Tomo仪式领导人通过向被告发送邀请函来通知对推定违法者的指控,让被告参加对他的指控,这与正式法庭相当。与这种形式相反,当代的托莫也具有非正式的特征,因为对犯罪者的判决是通过仪式诅咒来传递的,就像习惯的托莫一样。此外,与Tomo的习惯做法相同,在当代Tomo中,诅咒被认为是作恶者的人,包括他/她的家人,直到后代,以及那些宴请和埋葬被认为是犯法者的人。总的来说,当代Tomo具有可怕的犯罪威慑结果,以及习惯的土著冲突解决机制特征。关键词:冲突,冲突解决,土著冲突解决,Tomo。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Conflict Studies Quarterly
Conflict Studies Quarterly POLITICAL SCIENCE-
自引率
33.30%
发文量
17
期刊最新文献
KENYA: ESTABLISHING THE NATURE AND RATE OF RESILIENCE (RECOVERY) AMONG THE DISPLACED POPULATION IN NAKURU COUNTY TURKIYE: THE IMPLICATION OF IRAQ CONFLICT ON THE US–TÜRKIYE STRATEGIC RELATIONSHIP SYRIA: PROXY WARS IN THE MIDDLE EAST INDIA: THIRD-PARTY FUNDING IN PRACTICE OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION NIGERIA: COMPOSITE INDICATOR OF FOOD INSECURITY IN ITS CONFLICT AFFECTED REGIONS AND ITS DETERMINANTS. A HETEROSCEDASTICITY CONSISTENT TOBIT MODEL
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1