3D and 4D based applications in orthopaedics has not been pioneered

Abstract

Orthopaedic 3D is driving major innovations in many areas, such as manufacturing, engineering, art, education and medicine (1). Especially, the orthopaedic field is greatly becoming interested in this technology with the ability to create solutions specific tailored to the patient. From the creation of 3D models that help surgeons plan operations to the fabrication of patient-specific titanium implants, 3D printing is already changing traditional musculoskeletal industry (2).