Seed Production and Floral Visitors to Pityopsis ruthii (Asteraceae: Asterales), an Endangered Aster Native to the Southern Appalachians

IF 0.2 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI:10.2317/0022-8567-93.4.327
P. A. Moore, W. Klingeman, P. Wadl, R. Trigiano, J. Skinner
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Pityopsis ruthii (Small) Small (Asteraceae: Asterales) is a federally endangered aster that only grows along short stretches of the Hiwassee and Ocoee Rivers in southeastern Tennessee, U.S.A. The species is self-incompatible and genetic drift and inbreeding depression have been reported. Multiple investigators have observed highly variable sexual reproductive capacity of P. ruthii. To better understand which insect species may be contributing roles as potential pollinators, floral visitation to P. ruthii was assessed at in situ and ex situ locations. Forty-seven insect species in 15 families and 3 orders were recovered across 2 years during more than 70 hours of observation and specimen collection. Megachile brevis Say (Megachilidae: Hymenoptera) carried the most pollen, yet just three specimens were collected, all from the ex situ location. In both years, Halictidae were common at the ex situ location and were infrequently collected at the in situ location. Apis mellifera L. (Apidae: Hymenoptera) and Bombus impatiens Cresson (Apidae: Hymenoptera) were commonly observed at in situ locations in both years, and in 2013 at the ex situ location. Toxomerus geminatus (Say) (Syrphidae: Diptera) was the most abundant floral visitor in both years but carried very little pollen. Floral visiting lepidopteran species carried no pollen. Greater numbers of P. ruthii inflorescences did not reliably influence Apoidea or Syrphidae floral visitor abundance in either the in situ or ex situ locations. Assessments of filled seeds revealed low germination rates. Hybridization between geographically disparate parent plants propagated from the distal ranges of Hiwassee River distribution yielded an average of 33 percent germination, validating evidence of inbreeding depression. Knowledge of P. ruthii floral visitors at in situ and ex situ locations can be employed to assist breeding efforts intended to increase genetic diversity through ongoing efforts in plant re-introduction and habitat management.
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原产于阿巴拉契亚山脉南部的濒危Aster——鲁氏竹竹(Asteraceae:Asterales)的种子生产和花卉访客
摘要:Pityopsis ruthii(Small)Small(Asteraceae:Asterales)是一种联邦濒危紫苑,仅生长在美国田纳西州东南部Hiwassee河和Ocoee河的一小段河段。多名研究人员观察到鲁氏疟原虫的性生殖能力变化很大。为了更好地了解哪些昆虫物种可能作为潜在的传粉昆虫发挥作用,在原位和异地评估了对P.ruthii的访花情况。经过70多个小时的观察和标本采集,在2年的时间里,共发现了3目15科47种昆虫。Megachile brevis Say(Megachilidae:膜翅目)携带的花粉最多,但只采集了三个标本,全部来自迁地。在这两年中,Halectidae在迁地很常见,很少在原位采集。蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)(Apidae:膜翅目)和凤仙花(Bombus impatiens Cresson)(Apdae:膜翅目)在这两年的原位和2013年的迁地都很常见。双子毒蛾(Toxomerus geminatus,Say)(夜蛾科:直翅目)是这两年中数量最多的访花昆虫,但携带的花粉很少。访花鳞翅目物种不携带花粉。无论是在原位还是非原位,更多数量的P.ruthii花序都不会可靠地影响Apoide或Syrphidae花访客的丰度。对填充种子的评估显示发芽率低。从Hiwassee河分布的远端繁殖的地理上不同的亲本植物之间的杂交平均产生33%的发芽率,证实了近亲繁殖抑制的证据。可以利用在原地和迁地的P.ruthii花卉访客的知识来协助育种工作,通过植物重新引入和栖息地管理的持续努力来增加遗传多样性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
12
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society is a publication of the Kansas (Central States) Entomological Society, publishes research on all aspects of the sciences of entomology, and has world-wide authorship and readership.
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