Particularities of pyroelectric detectors in absolute measurements of chopped radiation shown for the example of a spectral responsivity calibration in the near- and mid-infrared spectral range at two primary radiometric standards

IF 0.8 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems Pub Date : 2022-02-23 DOI:10.5194/jsss-11-61-2022
T. Pohl, P. Meindl, J. Hollandt, U. Johannsen, L. Werner
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract. The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) expanded its capabilities for the calibration of the spectral responsivity s(λ) in the spectral range between 1.5 µm and 14 µm, traceable to the International System of Units (SI), with pyroelectric detectors as transfer standards. The pyroelectric transfer standards were calibrated absolutely against two independent primary radiometric standards, regarding their spectral responsivity s(λ). The first approach uses infrared laser sources at one of the PTB's cryogenic substitution radiometer facilities, which is a primary detector standard for the measurement of radiant power. The second approach uses a blackbody radiator with a temperature of about 1200 K, whose radiation can be calculated by Planck's law and is, in addition, spectrally selected by accurately characterized optical bandpass filters. Due to their measurement principle, pyroelectric detectors can only measure temporal changes in the input radiant power and are, therefore, operated with a chopper wheel to chop the incident radiation. The detector signal, which is typically measured with a lock-in amplifier, depends not only on the amplitude but also on the temporal shape of the chopped radiant power. It is shown that the calculation of the radiant power used for the determination of the spectral responsivity must be based on an accurate approximation of the temporal shape of the chopped radiant flux at the detector. This shape is different for both applied primary methods. It is further shown that the particularities of the lock-in-technique have to be considered in the calculation of the spectral responsivity, including the correct calculation of the detector signal. The results of the calibration with both approaches are consistent, and the realized measurement uncertainty is in the range between 1 % and 14 %. The pyroelectric detectors were thereby established as transfer detectors for the SI traceable measurement of radiant power in the near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR).
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热电探测器在斩波辐射绝对测量中的特殊性,以两个主要辐射标准下近红外和中红外光谱范围内的光谱响应度校准为例
摘要德国物理技术研究所(PTB)扩展了其在1.5µm至14µm光谱范围内光谱响应度s(λ)的校准能力,可追溯到国际单位制(SI),使用热释电探测器作为转换标准。根据其光谱响应率s(λ),对热释电转移标准物进行了绝对校准。第一种方法是在PTB的低温替代辐射计设施之一使用红外激光源,这是测量辐射功率的主要探测器标准。第二种方法使用温度约为1200k的黑体辐射体,其辐射可以通过普朗克定律计算,并通过精确表征的光学带通滤波器进行光谱选择。由于其测量原理,热释电探测器只能测量输入辐射功率的时间变化,因此,使用斩波轮来切割入射辐射。探测器信号通常是用锁相放大器测量的,它不仅取决于振幅,还取决于斩波辐射功率的时间形状。结果表明,用于测定光谱响应率的辐射功率的计算必须基于探测器处切碎辐射通量的时间形状的精确近似。这种形状对于应用的两种主要方法是不同的。进一步表明,在计算光谱响应度时,必须考虑锁定技术的特殊性,包括正确计算探测器信号。两种方法的校准结果一致,实现的测量不确定度在1% ~ 14%之间。因此,热释电探测器被建立为近红外(NIR)和中红外(MIR)辐射功率的SI可追溯测量的传递探测器。
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来源期刊
Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems
Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION-
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
10.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
23 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems (JSSS) is an international open-access journal dedicated to science, application, and advancement of sensors and sensors as part of measurement systems. The emphasis is on sensor principles and phenomena, measuring systems, sensor technologies, and applications. The goal of JSSS is to provide a platform for scientists and professionals in academia – as well as for developers, engineers, and users – to discuss new developments and advancements in sensors and sensor systems.
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