Yuexiconcha nov. gen. – A resilifer-bearing palaeotaxodont (Bivalvia, Protobranchia) from the Ordovician of Guangdong, South China

IF 1.6 4区 地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY Geobios Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.geobios.2023.01.006
Niu Zhi-jun , Zhang Ren-jie , Paul A. Johnston , Li Chu-an , Wang Zhi-hong , Hu Kun , Song Fang , He Yao-yan , He Jin-lan , Lin Xiao-ming , Yang Wen-qiang
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

A unique, new palaeotaxodont (Protobranchia) genus and species, Yuexiconcha duplicata Zhang, Niu and Johnston, is proposed and described. It is characterized by: a medium-sized, transversely elongated, sub-elliptical shell; heterotaxodont dentition; and posterior tooth row consisting of crowded gradidentate dentition, partially and dorsally overlapped by an additional tooth row that emanates from the beak to form a bitaxodont dentition (new term). Most significantly, a prominent resilifer separates the anterior and posterior tooth rows and shows slight to moderate excavation into the hinge-plate. While a resilifer indicates phylogenetic proximity with Nuculoidea, Yuexiconcha nov. gen. is readily distinguished by its bitaxodont posterior dentition and a more elongate posterior shell lobe and so is provisionally placed in the Family Nuculidae, Order Nuculida. The hinge of Yuexiconcha nov. gen. indicates that a resilifer in palaeotaxodonts first developed in the Ordovician, rather than in the Silurian (Wenlock) as thought previously. Specimens described herein were collected from a fine-grained siliciclastic rock unit in the upper part of the Dongchong Formation in western Guangdong, South China. Other components of the biota occurring with the bivalves are uncommon and include trilobites and brachiopods that indicate a late Middle–early Late Ordovician (late Darriwilian–early Sandbian) age.

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Yuexiconcha nov.gen.-华南广东奥陶纪的一个含古紫杉目(双壳目,原鳃亚目)的宿存植物
本文提出并描述了一个独特的古河口龙(原支龙)新属和新种--Yuexiconcha duplicata Zhang, Niu and Johnston。它的特征是:中等大小、横向拉长、近椭圆形的外壳;异喙齿;后齿列由拥挤的渐变齿列组成,部分和背面被从喙部延伸出来的附加齿列重叠,形成比特喙齿列(新术语)。最重要的是,一个突出的复齿将前后齿列分隔开来,并在铰链板上显示出轻微至中等程度的挖掘。虽然复齿表明它们在系统发育上与 Nuculoidea 属相近,但新属岳西孔雀鱼(Yuexiconcha nov. gen.Yuexiconcha nov.gen.的铰链表明,古齿兽中的resilifer最早出现在奥陶纪,而不是之前认为的志留纪(文洛克)。本文所描述的标本采集自华南粤西东冲地层上部的一个细粒硅质岩单元。与双壳类一起出现的其他生物群成分并不常见,其中包括三叶虫和腕足类,表明其时代为中奥陶世晚期-晚奥陶世早期(达里微期晚期-沙比期早期)。
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来源期刊
Geobios
Geobios 地学-古生物学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
6.20%
发文量
28
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Geobios publishes bimonthly in English original peer-reviewed articles of international interest in any area of paleontology, paleobiology, paleoecology, paleobiogeography, (bio)stratigraphy and biogeochemistry. All taxonomic groups are treated, including microfossils, invertebrates, plants, vertebrates and ichnofossils. Geobios welcomes descriptive papers based on original material (e.g. large Systematic Paleontology works), as well as more analytically and/or methodologically oriented papers, provided they offer strong and significant biochronological/biostratigraphical, paleobiogeographical, paleobiological and/or phylogenetic new insights and perspectices. A high priority level is given to synchronic and/or diachronic studies based on multi- or inter-disciplinary approaches mixing various fields of Earth and Life Sciences. Works based on extant data are also considered, provided they offer significant insights into geological-time studies.
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