A House of Worship for Every Religious Community: The History of a Mālikī Fatwā

IF 0.3 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Islamic Law and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-30 DOI:10.1163/15685195-bja10034
Janina M. Safran
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Abstract

This essay traces the incorporation of a sixth/twelfth century fatwā supporting the construction of churches in North Africa in the Mālikī madhhab and provides insight into practices of Mālikī legal interpretation in the Maghrib in the ninth/fifteenth century. In his fatwā, the Cordoban jurist Ibn al-Ḥājj (d. 529/1134) addressed a novel situation involving the relocation of Christians from al-Andalus. This fatwā was selected by the Tunisian jurist al-Burzulī (d. 841/1438) for commentary in his Jāmiʿ masāʾil al-aḥkām. He discussed Ibn al-Ḥājj’s opinions with reference to al-Mudawwana and al-Wāḍiḥa, and later commentaries, and made a connection to church building in Tunis. In the late ninth/fifteenth century, three jurists writing in response to anti-Jewish attacks in Tamanṭīṭ, in the Tuwāt oasis (Algeria), cited Ibn al-Ḥājj’s fatwā, as redacted by al-Burzulī, in their opinions on the destruction of a local synagogue. Each jurist treated Ibn al-Ḥājj’s fatwā as a relevant legal precedent. At the same time, each reevaluated the parameters of Mālikī debate about non-Muslim houses of worship to assert his distinct opinion about the synagogue of Tamanṭīṭ and the position of the Mālikī madhhab on non-Muslim houses of worship in Muslim lands.
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每个宗教团体的礼拜堂:毛利基·法特瓦的历史
本文追溯了第6 / 12世纪在Mālikī madhhab中支持北非教堂建设的法特瓦伊的结合,并提供了对第9 / 15世纪Mālikī马格里布法律解释实践的见解。科尔多瓦法学家伊本·al·-Ḥājj(公元529/1134年)在他的法特瓦伊中谈到了一个涉及从安达卢斯重新安置基督徒的新情况。突尼斯法学家al- burzuli(公元841/1438年)将这一教法选为他的Jāmi《教法》al-aḥkām的注释。他参照al- mudawwana和al-Wāḍiḥa讨论了Ibn al-Ḥājj的观点,以及后来的评论,并将其与突尼斯的教堂建设联系起来。在9世纪末/ 15世纪,三位法学家在回应Tuwāt绿洲(阿尔及利亚)Tamanṭīṭ的反犹太人袭击时,引用了伊本-Ḥājj的法特瓦伊(由al- burzuli编辑),在他们关于摧毁当地犹太教堂的观点中。每个法学家都把伊本-Ḥājj的法特瓦伊视为相关的法律先例。与此同时,每个人都重新评估Mālikī关于非穆斯林礼拜场所辩论的参数,以表明他对Tamanṭīṭ的犹太教堂和Mālikī madhhab对穆斯林土地上非穆斯林礼拜场所的立场的独特看法。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
20.00%
发文量
16
期刊介绍: Islamic Law and Society provides a forum for research in the field of classical and modern Islamic law, in Muslim and non-Muslim countries. Celebrating its sixteenth birthday in 2009, Islamic Law and Society has established itself as an invaluable resource for the subject both in the private collections of scholars and practitioners as well as in the major research libraries of the world. Islamic Law and Society encourages discussion on all branches of Islamic law, with a view to promoting an understanding of Islamic law, in both theory and practice, from its emergence until modern times and from juridical, historical and social-scientific perspectives. Islamic Law and Society offers you an easy way to stay on top of your discipline.
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