Efficacy of Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. in textile dye degradation: A combined study on molecular identification, growth optimization, and comparative degradation

Abstract

One of the greatest environmental concerns in the world is thought to be the effluents from the textile industry. The use of synthetic dyes in textiles makes the traditional method of treating textile effluents more difficult. Microorganisms can be used to remediate the damage that textile dyes do to the environment. In this investigation, two bacterial strains with the capacity of degrading dye were isolated from textile waste and identified as Pseudomonas sp. (Accession no. NR 117,678.1) and Bacillus sp. (Accession no: NR148248.1) through morphological, biochemical, and molecular test. The cytotoxicity of this wastewater on Artemia salina and phytotoxicity on Triticum aestivum were also investigated using brine shrimp lethality assay and plant growth analysis, respectively. Wheat seed germination was adversely affected by wastewater containing dyes, but subsequently germination was enhanced when the wastewater was treated by the isolated strains. Pseudomonas sp. degraded pink and green dyes more effectively than Bacillus sp., according to results of a comparison of the two bacteria's dye-degrading capacities using the spectrophotometric method. The dye degrading capacity of the bacteria was validated by the HPLC analysis. Therefore, both Pseudomonas species and Bacillus species could be used as efficient bacteria in the large-scale treatment of textile effluents.