Journal of hazardous materials letters最新文献

Occurrence and transformation of antimony in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant 某大型城市污水处理厂锑的发生与转化

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100173

Yunao Zhao , Dawei Yu , Yuansong Wei

Antimony (Sb), a key controlled heavy metal sourcing from brake pads and tires as a trending friction stabilization, is increasingly detected in urban drainage systems. However, Sb’s occurrence and transformation in wastewater treatment facilities are missing. The Sb distribution, speciation, and transformation along the wastewater treatment processes were thus investigated in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Results showed dissolved Sb dominated by Sb(III) (81.7 %) in the influent. Along the treatment train, a dynamic redox cycle was identified: near-complete oxidation of Sb(III) to Sb(V) occurred under aerobic conditions, while substantial Sb(V) reduction and Sb(III) re-accumulation prevailed in anaerobic/anoxic zones. This transformation was governed by an interplay of abiotic factors (e.g., Fe/Mn oxides) and microbial activity, evidenced by the abundance of key functional genes (e.g., arsC_gult, dsrA/B). Consequently, Sb was efficiently removed (74.8 %) via sequestration into sludge, where it was enriched to 20.2 mg/kg. The residual fraction dominated Sb speciation in sludge (85–96 %), primarily attributed to sulfide precipitation as Sb₂S₃ driven by microbial sulfate reduction. However, this effective removal led to significant sludge enrichment, with a geo-accumulation index (Igeo) of 3.36 indicating a moderate-to-heavy contamination risk. This study underscores that enhancing reductive conditions in terminal units is key to immobilizing Sb and highlights the need for integrated strategies to manage this emerging contaminant throughout the wastewater treatment cycle.

锑（Sb）是一种来自刹车片和轮胎的关键受控重金属，作为一种稳定摩擦的趋势，越来越多地在城市排水系统中被发现。然而，Sb在污水处理设施中的发生和转化却缺乏研究。因此，在一个全面的城市污水处理厂（WWTP）中，研究了Sb在污水处理过程中的分布、形态和转化。结果表明，溶出的Sb以Sb（III）为主（81.7 %）。在处理过程中，发现了一个动态氧化还原循环：在好氧条件下，Sb（III）几乎完全氧化为Sb(V)，而在厌氧/缺氧区，Sb(V)的大量还原和Sb（III）的再积累普遍存在。这种转化是由非生物因素（如铁/锰氧化物）和微生物活性的相互作用所控制的，关键功能基因（如arsC_gult， dsrA/B）的丰度证明了这一点。因此，Sb通过固存到污泥中被有效地去除（74.8 %），其中Sb富集到20.2 mg/kg。残留部分在污泥中占主导地位（85-96 %），主要归因于微生物硫酸盐还原驱动的硫化物沉淀Sb2S3。然而，这种有效的去除导致了显著的污泥富集，地质堆积指数（Igeo）为3.36，表明存在中度至重度污染风险。该研究强调，提高终端单元的还原条件是固定Sb的关键，并强调需要在整个废水处理周期中采用综合策略来管理这种新兴污染物。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanism of selenite reduction in Bacillus subtilis SR41: Role of thioredoxin reductase and threshold-driven transcriptomic response 枯草芽孢杆菌SR41亚硒酸盐还原的机制：硫氧还蛋白还原酶的作用和阈值驱动的转录组反应

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100172

Yuanzhi Cheng , Tao Gong , Xiao Li , Jie Fu , Yuanli Jin , Lei Qiao , Luoyi Zhu , Fengqin Wang , Mingliang Jin , Zeqing Lu , Yizhen Wang

Selenium, an essential trace element for humans and animals, plays critical roles in various biological processes. However, selenite, a highly toxic form of selenium, presents substantial environmental hazards. Microbial-mediated detoxification of selenite into selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) has emerged as an eco-friendly strategy. Bacillus subtilis SR41, a selenite-tolerant probiotic, can biosynthesize SeNPs with an average size of 67.0 ± 0.6 nm. This study is the first to report that SR41 exhibits distinct growth patterns when exposed to selenite concentrations above or below the detoxification threshold. Through a combination of in vitro assays, transcriptomics, and detection of selected-gene expression levels, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is identified as the primary enzyme responsible for selenite reduction, rather than glutathione reductase or fumarate reductase. The selenite reduction rate of recombinant TrxR was modeled using Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with nonlinear least squares analysis yielding a K_m value of 282.5–406.7 μM and a V_max of 332.9–373.0 μM·h⁻¹ .Notably, under selenite concentrations exceeding the detoxification threshold, TrxR is upregulated 18.21-fold, while SR41 exhibits an activation of ribosome-associated genes to mitigate the toxicity. Gene knockout experiments demonstrate the indispensability of TrxR-encoding genes. This study elucidates mechanisms of microbial selenite detoxification across concentration gradients and offers insights for environmental bioremediation applications.

硒是人体和动物必需的微量元素，在各种生物过程中起着至关重要的作用。然而，亚硒酸盐是一种剧毒形式的硒，对环境有重大危害。微生物介导的亚硒酸盐解毒成硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）已经成为一种生态友好的策略。枯草芽孢杆菌SR41是一种耐亚硒酸菌，可合成SeNPs，平均大小为67.0 ± 0.6 nm。这项研究首次报道了当暴露于亚硒酸盐浓度高于或低于解毒阈值时，SR41表现出不同的生长模式。通过体外实验、转录组学和选择基因表达水平的检测，硫氧还蛋白还原酶（TrxR）被确定为负责亚硒酸盐还原的主要酶，而不是谷胱甘肽还原酶或富马酸还原酶。重组TrxR的亚硒酸盐还原率采用Michaelis-Menten动力学建模，非线性最小二乘分析得出Km值为282.5-406.7 μM， Vmax为332.9-373.0 μM·h⁻¹ 。值得注意的是，当亚硒酸盐浓度超过解毒阈值时，TrxR上调18.21倍，而SR41表现出核糖体相关基因的激活来减轻毒性。基因敲除实验证明了trxr编码基因的不可缺少性。本研究阐明了微生物亚硒酸盐跨浓度梯度解毒的机制，并为环境生物修复应用提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Phytoremediation and phytoscreening of micropollutants using black poplar: Integration of LC-MS/MS multiscreening and rhizospheric microbiome analysis 黑杨树微污染物的植物修复与植物筛选：LC-MS/MS多重筛选与根际微生物组分析的集成

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100170

Stanislava Vrchovecká , Petra Štochlová , Aday Amirbekov , Stanisław Wacławek

The increasing occurrence of micropollutants, including pesticides and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), in groundwater, presents a growing challenge for environmental monitoring and remediation. This study investigates the phytoremediation potential of black poplar (Populus nigra) in hydroponic systems as an alternative and cost-effective tool for groundwater quality monitoring and contaminant attenuation. A multiscreening analytical method based on UHPLC-MS/MS was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of 21 micropollutants and their degradation products in plant biomass using a combination of QuEChERS and HLB solid-phase extraction. Hydroponic exposure experiments revealed that black poplar contributed to the removal of 12–87 % of the target compounds, with accumulation primarily in root tissues. Translocation to stems and leaves was compound-specific and related to physicochemical properties such as log K_ow. Root concentration factors (RCF) ranged from 0.01 to 55.53, and translocation factors (TF) from 0.01 to 4.08. In addition, 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon profiling indicated exploratory shifts in rhizospheric bacterial and fungal communities under selected micropollutants, suggesting testable links to plant–microbe interactions and contaminant attenuation. The results confirm that black poplar can be used both for phytoscreening and phytoremediation of diverse classes of micropollutants, supporting its application in integrated strategies for groundwater protection and ecological risk assessment.

包括农药和全氟烷基物质在内的微污染物在地下水中的出现越来越多，这对环境监测和补救提出了越来越大的挑战。本研究探讨了黑杨在水培系统中的修复潜力，作为地下水质量监测和污染物衰减的替代和经济有效的工具。建立了一种基于UHPLC-MS/MS的多筛选分析方法，并对QuEChERS和HLB固相萃取同时定量测定植物生物量中21种微量污染物及其降解产物进行了验证。水培暴露试验表明，黑杨树对目标化合物的去除率为12-87 %，主要在根组织中积累。向茎和叶的转运是化合物特异性的，与理化性质有关，如原木。根浓度因子（RCF）为0.01 ~ 55.53，转运因子（TF）为0.01 ~ 4.08。此外，16S rRNA和ITS扩增子分析表明，在选定的微污染物下，根际细菌和真菌群落发生了探索性的变化，这表明植物-微生物相互作用和污染物衰减之间存在可测试的联系。结果表明，黑杨树可用于不同类型微污染物的植物筛选和修复，支持其在地下水保护和生态风险评价综合策略中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Oxidation of polyaniline-derived carbon using microwaves for adsorptive removal of pharmaceuticals with an amino group 用微波氧化聚苯胺衍生的碳以吸附去除含有氨基的药物

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2026.100176

Dae Sung Kwon , Minyoung Yoon , Sung Hwa Jhung

Carbonaceous materials, especially oxidized ones, have been frequently used as adsorbents. Oxidation of carbons has usually been carried out using ammonium persulfate/H₂SO₄ solution under electric heating. In this work, polyaniline-derived carbons were oxidized with both the conventional method and HNO₃ under microwaves. The obtained carbons, after thorough characterization, were applied to the adsorptive purification of water polluted with emerging contaminants, especially basic pharmaceuticals with amino groups (like atenolol (ATNL) and diphenhydramine (DPHA)). The carbon oxidized under microwave was much more effective in the adsorption than the carbon oxidized by the conventional method using electric heating. Both the adsorbed quantities and adsorption kinetic constants increased with increasing oxidation (by microwaves) temperatures up to 100 °C. The best performing MPDC(100) was recyclable and highly competitive in the adsorption of ATNL and DPHA. The mechanism of ATNL and DPHA adsorptions over MPDC(100) was investigated by checking surface charge and adsorbed quantities under wide pH conditions. Electrostatic interaction with π-π interaction and hydrogen bonding (adsorbent: hydrogen-acceptor) was the major mechanism for the effective adsorption over MPDC(100). Finally, porous carbon with a high concentration of anionic sites like carboxylates can be suggested as an effective adsorbent to remove basic pharmaceuticals with amino groups.

碳质材料，特别是氧化后的碳质材料，已被广泛用作吸附剂。碳的氧化通常使用过硫酸铵/硫酸溶液在电加热下进行。在微波条件下，用常规方法和HNO3氧化聚苯胺类碳。得到的碳经过全面表征后，应用于被新出现的污染物污染的水的吸附净化，特别是含有氨基的基本药物（如阿替洛尔（ATNL）和苯海拉明（DPHA））。微波氧化碳的吸附效果比传统电加热氧化碳的吸附效果好得多。当氧化温度达到100℃时，吸附量和吸附动力学常数随氧化温度的升高而增加。性能最好的MPDC（100）是可回收的，在吸附ATNL和DPHA方面具有很强的竞争力。通过考察MPDC（100）在宽pH条件下的表面电荷和吸附量，研究了ATNL和DPHA在MPDC（100）上的吸附机理。静电相互作用与π-π相互作用和氢键（吸附剂：氢受体）是MPDC有效吸附的主要机制（100）。最后，具有高浓度阴离子位点（如羧酸盐）的多孔碳可以作为一种有效的吸附剂来去除含氨基的碱性药物。

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引用次数: 0

Confined Fe(III) in carbon nitride shifted peroxymonosulfate activation from radical to high-valent iron pathways for efficient dioxin degradation 氮化碳中限制的铁（III）将过氧单硫酸盐活化从自由基转移到高价铁途径，以有效降解二恶英

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2026.100174

Jibo Dou , Yichao Xu , Yunfei He , Ruoru Xu , Yao Yue , Feifei Chen , Yuchi Zhong , Xuetong Qu , Jiafeng Ding , Hangjun Zhang

Fe-doped carbon matrices have garnered significant attention as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activators for the removal of refractory organic pollutants. However, the role of Fe dopant in PMS activation remains unclear, especially concerning the relative contributions and reaction pathways of high-valent iron oxidations. In this study, a series of Fe-doped carbon nitride (CN) catalysts with varying iron contents was synthesized and utilized for the catalytic degradation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Results showed that Fe doping significantly enhanced PMS activation, with the highest TCDD degradation rate achieved by Fe-CN-3, exhibiting a 4.6-fold improvement. Quenching experiment revealed that increasing Fe content shifted the degradation mechanism from a radical-dominated process (76.1 %) to a Fe^V=O-driven nonradical pathway (55.8 %); consequently, the Fe-CN-3/PMS system exhibited significant resistance to common environmental interferents. Theoretical calculations further confirmed that the Fe(III)-PMS interaction weakened both the O₂-O₃ and O₃-H bonds, thereby enabling their thermodynamically feasible cleavage and the subsequent generation of Fe^V=O via a coupled electron-proton transfer pathway, which ultimately enhanced the electrophilic σ-attack on TCDD. These findings highlight the criticality of the metal dopant's local coordination environment in steering persulfate activation pathways, guiding the rational design of catalysts for selective oxidant generation.

铁掺杂碳基质作为过氧单硫酸盐（PMS）活化剂用于去除难降解有机污染物引起了广泛的关注。然而，铁掺杂剂在PMS活化中的作用尚不清楚，特别是关于高价铁氧化的相对贡献和反应途径。本研究合成了一系列不同铁含量的掺铁氮化碳（CN）催化剂，并用于催化降解2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并-对二恶英（TCDD）。结果表明，Fe掺杂显著增强了PMS的活化，其中Fe- cn -3的TCDD降解率最高，提高了4.6倍。淬灭实验表明，随着Fe含量的增加，降解机制由自由基主导（76.1 %）转变为FeV= o驱动的非自由基途径（55.8% %）；因此，Fe-CN-3/PMS系统对常见的环境干扰表现出显著的抵抗力。理论计算进一步证实，Fe(III)-PMS相互作用削弱了O2-O3键和O3-H键，从而使它们能够在热力学上可行地裂解，并通过电子-质子耦合转移途径产生FeV=O，最终增强了TCDD的亲电性σ-攻击。这些发现强调了金属掺杂的局部配位环境在引导过硫酸盐活化途径中的重要性，指导了选择性氧化剂生成催化剂的合理设计。

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引用次数: 0

Waste PU-derived PDMS/ZIF-8/bentonite composite sponge for reusable oil sorption 废pu衍生PDMS/ZIF-8/膨润土复合海绵可重复使用吸油

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2026.100175

Minji Kim , Da Kyung Kwon , Hyeonjeong Kim , Wonseok Park , Byungjun Cha , Yeonji Yea , Yeomin Yoon , S.SD. Elanchezhiyan , Chang Min Park

Rapid urbanization and population growth have intensified oil pollution, highlighting the need for efficient, selective, and multifunctional oil sorbents. In this study, a cost-effective hydrophobic composite was developed from waste polyurethane (PU) sponge with a durable 3D macroporous structure. The sponge was modified via dip-coating with zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8), bentonite, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to enhance hydrophobicity. The resulting PDMS/ZIF-8/bentonite-incorporated PU (ZBPU) sponge was characterized using powder X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses. Contact angle measurements confirmed the hydrophobicity for the prepared ZBPU-3 sponge, indicating its suitability for oil separation applications. Sorption performance was tested with canola oil, methylene blue dye, and non-aqueous phase liquids (chloroform, toluene, xylene, benzene). ZBPU-3 exhibited an oil sorption capacity of 0.97 g/cm³, about twice that of pristine PU, and maintained effective performance for up to five sorption–desorption cycles, with oil uptake governed mainly by physical interactions.

快速的城市化和人口增长加剧了石油污染，凸显了对高效、选择性和多功能石油吸附剂的需求。在这项研究中，利用废聚氨酯（PU）海绵开发了一种具有耐用3D大孔结构的低成本疏水复合材料。采用沸石咪唑酸骨架（ZIF-8）、膨润土和聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）对海绵进行浸涂改性，提高海绵的疏水性。采用粉末x射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电镜分析对PDMS/ZIF-8/膨润土掺入的PU （ZBPU）海绵进行了表征。接触角测量证实了制备的ZBPU-3海绵的疏水性，表明其适合于油分离应用。对菜籽油、亚甲基蓝染料和非水相液体（氯仿、甲苯、二甲苯、苯）的吸附性能进行了测试。ZBPU-3的吸油能力为0.97 g/cm3，约为原始PU的两倍，并且在多达5次吸脱附循环中保持有效性能，吸油主要受物理相互作用的控制。

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引用次数: 0

Elevated concentrations of quaternary ammonium compounds in childcare centers: A pilot study 托儿中心季铵化合物浓度升高：一项初步研究

IF 6.6 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100138

Yao Cheng , Zhong Lv , Erika Schreder , Min Hu , Abby Mutic , Guomao Zheng , Amina Salamova

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are used as antimicrobials, preservatives, and antistatic agents in cleaning, disinfecting and personal care products, and textiles. High levels of QACs have been found in indoor dust in residential homes; however, there is limited information on QAC exposure in non-residential environments serving sensitive populations, such as childcare centers. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of QACs, including benzylalkyldimethyl ammonium compounds (BACs), dialkyldimethylammonium compounds (DADMACs), and alkyltrimethylammonium compounds (ATMACs), in dust from childcare centers and estimated daily intake of QACs by toddlers in chidlcare via dust ingestion. Nineteen QACs were detected in dust with a median total QAC concentration (ΣQAC) of 150 μg/g. BACs were the most abundant QAC group found at concentrations ranging from 2.67 to 1370 μg/g (median 90.4 μg/g) and constituted 64 % of the ΣQAC concentrations. The QAC levels in dust from childcare centers were significantly higher than concentrations previosly reported in homes. The EDIs for BACs, DADMACs, and ATMACs via dust ingestion calculated based on the 95th percentile concentrations in childcare dust were up to 30 times higher than those for toddlers in residential homes. These findings demonstrate high QAC exposure in childcares, posing significant early-life exposure for toddlers.

季铵化合物（QACs）在清洁、消毒和个人护理产品以及纺织品中用作抗菌剂、防腐剂和抗静电剂。在住宅的室内灰尘中发现了高水平的QACs；然而，在服务于敏感人群（如托儿中心）的非住宅环境中，有关QAC暴露的信息有限。在这项研究中，我们调查了包括苯烷基二甲基铵化合物（BACs）、二烷基二甲基铵化合物（dadmac）和烷基三甲基铵化合物（atmac）在内的QACs在托儿中心灰尘中的发生情况，并通过灰尘摄入估计了幼儿每日QACs的摄入量。粉尘中检测到19种QAC， QAC总浓度中位数（ΣQAC）为150 μg/g。在浓度范围为2.67 ~ 1370 μg/g（中位数为90.4 μg/g）时，BACs是最丰富的QAC组，占ΣQAC浓度的64 %。托儿所灰尘中的QAC水平明显高于之前报道的家庭浓度。根据儿童保育粉尘中第95百分位浓度计算的吸入粉尘中BACs、dadmac、atmac的EDIs比居住家庭的幼儿高出30倍。这些研究结果表明，幼儿在幼儿时期暴露于高质量空气质量物质。

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引用次数: 0

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure disrupts intestinal microbiota and activates immune signaling pathways in zebrafish intestine 二（2-乙基己基）邻苯二甲酸酯暴露破坏肠道微生物群并激活斑马鱼肠道中的免疫信号通路

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100168

Liang Lyu , Yi-Yuan Zeng , Xuan Yang , Kaoutar Abaakil , Yong-Hui Wu , Xiao-Feng Zhang

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a common plasticizer, exhibits environmental persistence and multisystem toxicity. With plastic production continually rising, China’s annual output exceeded 77 million tons in 2024, reflecting a 2.9 % year-on-year increase (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology). This reflects large-scale consumption and increasing environmental pressure. However, its toxic mechanisms on the intestine, a key organ for defense and metabolism, remain poorly understood. This study indicated that DEHP exposure causes damage to zebrafish intestinal tissue, resulting in a reduction in commensal bacteria such as Fusobacterium and Cetobacterium, and enrichment of Allorhizobium–Neorhizobium–Pararhizobium–Rhizobium and Pseudomona. The analysis suggested that the expression of Toll-like receptor pathways, NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, and MAPK signaling pathways related to immunity and metabolism was upregulated. In addition,genes such as tlr4, myd88, nf-κb, and il10 were significantly upregulated. Together, these findings show that DEHP may raise the risk of intestinal immune injury via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. This study contributes to the assessment and control of health risks associated with DEHP contamination in water.

邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）是一种常见的增塑剂，具有环境持久性和多系统毒性。随着塑料产量的不断增长，2024年中国的年产量超过7700万吨，同比增长2.9% %（工业和信息化部）。这反映了大规模消费和日益增加的环境压力。然而，其对肠道（防御和代谢的关键器官）的毒性机制仍然知之甚少。本研究表明，DEHP暴露对斑马鱼肠道组织造成损伤，导致梭杆菌、鲸杆菌等共生菌减少，异根菌-新根菌-副根菌-根瘤菌和假单胞菌富集。分析表明，与免疫和代谢相关的toll样受体通路、nod样受体信号通路和MAPK信号通路表达上调。此外，tlr4、myd88、nf-κb、il10等基因显著上调。综上所述，DEHP可能通过TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB通路和肠道菌群失调增加肠道免疫损伤的风险。本研究有助于评估和控制与水中DEHP污染相关的健康风险。

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引用次数: 0

Micropellets of Pleurotus ostreatus for copper removal: Influence of nutritional conditions and laccase activity on adsorption 平菇微球除铜：营养条件和漆酶活性对吸附的影响

IF 6.6 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100157

Dinay Eloisa Durán-Sequeda , Aldo Ibarra-Rondón , Pedro Fragoso-Castilla

Pleurotus ostreatus has emerged as a promising model for heavy metal bioremediation. Given the known role of laccases in copper oxidation, it was hypothesized that higher laccase activity would correlate with increased copper removal. This study evaluated how the composition of the culture medium influences copper adsorption and its relationship with copper-induced laccase activity in this fungus. Fungal pellets were produced in two different media, and their morphological characteristics, laccase activity, and copper removal capacity were evaluated. The results show that, contrary to expectations, pellets with more complex morphology and higher laccase activity exhibited a maximum copper loading capacity approximately six-fold lower than those produced in media with lower laccase activity. Analysis of the pellets by SEM-EDX, FTIR, and confocal microscopy revealed some physicochemical differences. Pellets with higher copper loading capacity had higher fluorescence suggesting more cell wall polysaccharide content, but lower laccase activity. These results offer a possible link between copper removal and copper-induced laccase activity associated with compositional medium for fungal culture. This finding represents a novel approach to designing and optimizing fungal biotechnological solutions in heavy metal bioremediation.

平菇是一种很有前途的重金属生物修复模式。鉴于漆酶在铜氧化中的已知作用，假设漆酶活性越高，铜的脱除率越高。本研究考察了培养基组成对铜吸附的影响及其与铜诱导漆酶活性的关系。在两种不同的培养基中制备真菌颗粒，并对其形态特征、漆酶活性和铜去除能力进行了评价。结果表明，与预期相反，具有更复杂形态和更高漆酶活性的颗粒的最大铜负载能力比在较低漆酶活性的培养基中生产的颗粒低约6倍。通过SEM-EDX， FTIR和共聚焦显微镜对颗粒进行分析，发现了一些物理化学差异。铜负载量越大，颗粒的荧光越强，表明细胞壁多糖含量越高，但漆酶活性越低。这些结果提供了铜去除和铜诱导漆酶活性与真菌培养组成介质之间的可能联系。这一发现代表了一种设计和优化重金属生物修复真菌生物技术解决方案的新方法。

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引用次数: 0

PFAS in biosolids: Insights into current and future challenges PFAS在生物固体：洞察当前和未来的挑战

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100163

Prashant Srivastava , Becky Macdonald

Biosolids, valued as nutrient-rich soil amendments, are now approached cautiously by farmers due to growing public concern, and increasingly stringent and varying per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) regulatory standards across jurisdictions. PFAS concentrations in biosolids vary widely between countries and wastewater treatment plants. Inconsistent monitoring and testing protocols hinder accurate assessment and comparison across sites. The fragmented regulatory landscape, with diverse thresholds and evolving requirements, complicates compliance and long-term planning for water utilities, challenging infrastructure investment. A key issue is lack of proven, scalable PFAS treatment technologies for municipal wastewater plants. Current solutions often lack performance, cost-effectiveness, and practicality at scale. Utilities face financial burdens for monitoring and remediation while balancing other priorities, like managing emerging contaminants and reducing greenhouse gas emissions from energy-intensive processes. Effective source control to limit PFAS entry into wastewater systems is critical and cost-effective. Integrated strategies targeting multiple pollutants can optimize investments. Clear, science-based regulatory standards for PFAS in biosolids are urgently needed to guide compliance. Collaboration among utilities, academia, technology providers, and stakeholders, supported by transparent engagement, is essential for practical PFAS management solutions and rebuilding public trust. Sustainable biosolids management depends on evidence-based, interdisciplinary efforts integrating technological innovation, regulatory clarity, and socioecological resilience.

由于公众日益关注，以及各司法管辖区的单氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）监管标准日益严格和不同，农民现在谨慎对待作为富营养土壤改进剂的生物固体。在不同国家和污水处理厂之间，生物固体中的PFAS浓度差别很大。不一致的监测和测试协议妨碍了各站点之间的准确评估和比较。分散的监管格局，不同的门槛和不断变化的要求，使水务公司的合规和长期规划变得复杂，对基础设施投资构成挑战。一个关键问题是缺乏成熟的、可扩展的PFAS处理技术用于城市污水处理厂。当前的解决方案通常缺乏性能、成本效益和大规模的实用性。在平衡其他优先事项（如管理新出现的污染物和减少能源密集型过程的温室气体排放）的同时，公用事业公司面临着监测和补救的财政负担。有效的源头控制以限制PFAS进入废水系统是至关重要且具有成本效益的。针对多种污染物的综合战略可以优化投资。迫切需要明确、科学的PFAS生物固体监管标准来指导合规。公用事业、学术界、技术提供商和利益相关者之间的合作，在透明参与的支持下，对于实用的PFAS管理解决方案和重建公众信任至关重要。可持续的生物固体管理取决于基于证据的跨学科努力，包括技术创新、监管清晰度和社会生态弹性。

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