Journal of hazardous materials letters最新文献

Waste PU-derived PDMS/ZIF-8/bentonite composite sponge for reusable oil sorption 废pu衍生PDMS/ZIF-8/膨润土复合海绵可重复使用吸油

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2026.100175

Minji Kim , Da Kyung Kwon , Hyeonjeong Kim , Wonseok Park , Byungjun Cha , Yeonji Yea , Yeomin Yoon , S.SD. Elanchezhiyan , Chang Min Park

Rapid urbanization and population growth have intensified oil pollution, highlighting the need for efficient, selective, and multifunctional oil sorbents. In this study, a cost-effective hydrophobic composite was developed from waste polyurethane (PU) sponge with a durable 3D macroporous structure. The sponge was modified via dip-coating with zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8), bentonite, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to enhance hydrophobicity. The resulting PDMS/ZIF-8/bentonite-incorporated PU (ZBPU) sponge was characterized using powder X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses. Contact angle measurements confirmed the hydrophobicity for the prepared ZBPU-3 sponge, indicating its suitability for oil separation applications. Sorption performance was tested with canola oil, methylene blue dye, and non-aqueous phase liquids (chloroform, toluene, xylene, benzene). ZBPU-3 exhibited an oil sorption capacity of 0.97 g/cm³, about twice that of pristine PU, and maintained effective performance for up to five sorption–desorption cycles, with oil uptake governed mainly by physical interactions.

快速的城市化和人口增长加剧了石油污染，凸显了对高效、选择性和多功能石油吸附剂的需求。在这项研究中，利用废聚氨酯（PU）海绵开发了一种具有耐用3D大孔结构的低成本疏水复合材料。采用沸石咪唑酸骨架（ZIF-8）、膨润土和聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）对海绵进行浸涂改性，提高海绵的疏水性。采用粉末x射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电镜分析对PDMS/ZIF-8/膨润土掺入的PU （ZBPU）海绵进行了表征。接触角测量证实了制备的ZBPU-3海绵的疏水性，表明其适合于油分离应用。对菜籽油、亚甲基蓝染料和非水相液体（氯仿、甲苯、二甲苯、苯）的吸附性能进行了测试。ZBPU-3的吸油能力为0.97 g/cm3，约为原始PU的两倍，并且在多达5次吸脱附循环中保持有效性能，吸油主要受物理相互作用的控制。

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引用次数: 0

Occurrence and transformation of antimony in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant 某大型城市污水处理厂锑的发生与转化

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100173

Yunao Zhao , Dawei Yu , Yuansong Wei

Antimony (Sb), a key controlled heavy metal sourcing from brake pads and tires as a trending friction stabilization, is increasingly detected in urban drainage systems. However, Sb’s occurrence and transformation in wastewater treatment facilities are missing. The Sb distribution, speciation, and transformation along the wastewater treatment processes were thus investigated in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Results showed dissolved Sb dominated by Sb(III) (81.7 %) in the influent. Along the treatment train, a dynamic redox cycle was identified: near-complete oxidation of Sb(III) to Sb(V) occurred under aerobic conditions, while substantial Sb(V) reduction and Sb(III) re-accumulation prevailed in anaerobic/anoxic zones. This transformation was governed by an interplay of abiotic factors (e.g., Fe/Mn oxides) and microbial activity, evidenced by the abundance of key functional genes (e.g., arsC_gult, dsrA/B). Consequently, Sb was efficiently removed (74.8 %) via sequestration into sludge, where it was enriched to 20.2 mg/kg. The residual fraction dominated Sb speciation in sludge (85–96 %), primarily attributed to sulfide precipitation as Sb₂S₃ driven by microbial sulfate reduction. However, this effective removal led to significant sludge enrichment, with a geo-accumulation index (Igeo) of 3.36 indicating a moderate-to-heavy contamination risk. This study underscores that enhancing reductive conditions in terminal units is key to immobilizing Sb and highlights the need for integrated strategies to manage this emerging contaminant throughout the wastewater treatment cycle.

锑（Sb）是一种来自刹车片和轮胎的关键受控重金属，作为一种稳定摩擦的趋势，越来越多地在城市排水系统中被发现。然而，Sb在污水处理设施中的发生和转化却缺乏研究。因此，在一个全面的城市污水处理厂（WWTP）中，研究了Sb在污水处理过程中的分布、形态和转化。结果表明，溶出的Sb以Sb（III）为主（81.7 %）。在处理过程中，发现了一个动态氧化还原循环：在好氧条件下，Sb（III）几乎完全氧化为Sb(V)，而在厌氧/缺氧区，Sb(V)的大量还原和Sb（III）的再积累普遍存在。这种转化是由非生物因素（如铁/锰氧化物）和微生物活性的相互作用所控制的，关键功能基因（如arsC_gult， dsrA/B）的丰度证明了这一点。因此，Sb通过固存到污泥中被有效地去除（74.8 %），其中Sb富集到20.2 mg/kg。残留部分在污泥中占主导地位（85-96 %），主要归因于微生物硫酸盐还原驱动的硫化物沉淀Sb2S3。然而，这种有效的去除导致了显著的污泥富集，地质堆积指数（Igeo）为3.36，表明存在中度至重度污染风险。该研究强调，提高终端单元的还原条件是固定Sb的关键，并强调需要在整个废水处理周期中采用综合策略来管理这种新兴污染物。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanism of selenite reduction in Bacillus subtilis SR41: Role of thioredoxin reductase and threshold-driven transcriptomic response 枯草芽孢杆菌SR41亚硒酸盐还原的机制：硫氧还蛋白还原酶的作用和阈值驱动的转录组反应

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100172

Yuanzhi Cheng , Tao Gong , Xiao Li , Jie Fu , Yuanli Jin , Lei Qiao , Luoyi Zhu , Fengqin Wang , Mingliang Jin , Zeqing Lu , Yizhen Wang

Selenium, an essential trace element for humans and animals, plays critical roles in various biological processes. However, selenite, a highly toxic form of selenium, presents substantial environmental hazards. Microbial-mediated detoxification of selenite into selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) has emerged as an eco-friendly strategy. Bacillus subtilis SR41, a selenite-tolerant probiotic, can biosynthesize SeNPs with an average size of 67.0 ± 0.6 nm. This study is the first to report that SR41 exhibits distinct growth patterns when exposed to selenite concentrations above or below the detoxification threshold. Through a combination of in vitro assays, transcriptomics, and detection of selected-gene expression levels, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is identified as the primary enzyme responsible for selenite reduction, rather than glutathione reductase or fumarate reductase. The selenite reduction rate of recombinant TrxR was modeled using Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with nonlinear least squares analysis yielding a K_m value of 282.5–406.7 μM and a V_max of 332.9–373.0 μM·h⁻¹ .Notably, under selenite concentrations exceeding the detoxification threshold, TrxR is upregulated 18.21-fold, while SR41 exhibits an activation of ribosome-associated genes to mitigate the toxicity. Gene knockout experiments demonstrate the indispensability of TrxR-encoding genes. This study elucidates mechanisms of microbial selenite detoxification across concentration gradients and offers insights for environmental bioremediation applications.

硒是人体和动物必需的微量元素，在各种生物过程中起着至关重要的作用。然而，亚硒酸盐是一种剧毒形式的硒，对环境有重大危害。微生物介导的亚硒酸盐解毒成硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）已经成为一种生态友好的策略。枯草芽孢杆菌SR41是一种耐亚硒酸菌，可合成SeNPs，平均大小为67.0 ± 0.6 nm。这项研究首次报道了当暴露于亚硒酸盐浓度高于或低于解毒阈值时，SR41表现出不同的生长模式。通过体外实验、转录组学和选择基因表达水平的检测，硫氧还蛋白还原酶（TrxR）被确定为负责亚硒酸盐还原的主要酶，而不是谷胱甘肽还原酶或富马酸还原酶。重组TrxR的亚硒酸盐还原率采用Michaelis-Menten动力学建模，非线性最小二乘分析得出Km值为282.5-406.7 μM， Vmax为332.9-373.0 μM·h⁻¹ 。值得注意的是，当亚硒酸盐浓度超过解毒阈值时，TrxR上调18.21倍，而SR41表现出核糖体相关基因的激活来减轻毒性。基因敲除实验证明了trxr编码基因的不可缺少性。本研究阐明了微生物亚硒酸盐跨浓度梯度解毒的机制，并为环境生物修复应用提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Phytoremediation and phytoscreening of micropollutants using black poplar: Integration of LC-MS/MS multiscreening and rhizospheric microbiome analysis 黑杨树微污染物的植物修复与植物筛选：LC-MS/MS多重筛选与根际微生物组分析的集成

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100170

Stanislava Vrchovecká , Petra Štochlová , Aday Amirbekov , Stanisław Wacławek

The increasing occurrence of micropollutants, including pesticides and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), in groundwater, presents a growing challenge for environmental monitoring and remediation. This study investigates the phytoremediation potential of black poplar (Populus nigra) in hydroponic systems as an alternative and cost-effective tool for groundwater quality monitoring and contaminant attenuation. A multiscreening analytical method based on UHPLC-MS/MS was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of 21 micropollutants and their degradation products in plant biomass using a combination of QuEChERS and HLB solid-phase extraction. Hydroponic exposure experiments revealed that black poplar contributed to the removal of 12–87 % of the target compounds, with accumulation primarily in root tissues. Translocation to stems and leaves was compound-specific and related to physicochemical properties such as log K_ow. Root concentration factors (RCF) ranged from 0.01 to 55.53, and translocation factors (TF) from 0.01 to 4.08. In addition, 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon profiling indicated exploratory shifts in rhizospheric bacterial and fungal communities under selected micropollutants, suggesting testable links to plant–microbe interactions and contaminant attenuation. The results confirm that black poplar can be used both for phytoscreening and phytoremediation of diverse classes of micropollutants, supporting its application in integrated strategies for groundwater protection and ecological risk assessment.

包括农药和全氟烷基物质在内的微污染物在地下水中的出现越来越多，这对环境监测和补救提出了越来越大的挑战。本研究探讨了黑杨在水培系统中的修复潜力，作为地下水质量监测和污染物衰减的替代和经济有效的工具。建立了一种基于UHPLC-MS/MS的多筛选分析方法，并对QuEChERS和HLB固相萃取同时定量测定植物生物量中21种微量污染物及其降解产物进行了验证。水培暴露试验表明，黑杨树对目标化合物的去除率为12-87 %，主要在根组织中积累。向茎和叶的转运是化合物特异性的，与理化性质有关，如原木。根浓度因子（RCF）为0.01 ~ 55.53，转运因子（TF）为0.01 ~ 4.08。此外，16S rRNA和ITS扩增子分析表明，在选定的微污染物下，根际细菌和真菌群落发生了探索性的变化，这表明植物-微生物相互作用和污染物衰减之间存在可测试的联系。结果表明，黑杨树可用于不同类型微污染物的植物筛选和修复，支持其在地下水保护和生态风险评价综合策略中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure disrupts intestinal microbiota and activates immune signaling pathways in zebrafish intestine 二（2-乙基己基）邻苯二甲酸酯暴露破坏肠道微生物群并激活斑马鱼肠道中的免疫信号通路

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100168

Liang Lyu , Yi-Yuan Zeng , Xuan Yang , Kaoutar Abaakil , Yong-Hui Wu , Xiao-Feng Zhang

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a common plasticizer, exhibits environmental persistence and multisystem toxicity. With plastic production continually rising, China’s annual output exceeded 77 million tons in 2024, reflecting a 2.9 % year-on-year increase (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology). This reflects large-scale consumption and increasing environmental pressure. However, its toxic mechanisms on the intestine, a key organ for defense and metabolism, remain poorly understood. This study indicated that DEHP exposure causes damage to zebrafish intestinal tissue, resulting in a reduction in commensal bacteria such as Fusobacterium and Cetobacterium, and enrichment of Allorhizobium–Neorhizobium–Pararhizobium–Rhizobium and Pseudomona. The analysis suggested that the expression of Toll-like receptor pathways, NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, and MAPK signaling pathways related to immunity and metabolism was upregulated. In addition,genes such as tlr4, myd88, nf-κb, and il10 were significantly upregulated. Together, these findings show that DEHP may raise the risk of intestinal immune injury via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. This study contributes to the assessment and control of health risks associated with DEHP contamination in water.

邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）是一种常见的增塑剂，具有环境持久性和多系统毒性。随着塑料产量的不断增长，2024年中国的年产量超过7700万吨，同比增长2.9% %（工业和信息化部）。这反映了大规模消费和日益增加的环境压力。然而，其对肠道（防御和代谢的关键器官）的毒性机制仍然知之甚少。本研究表明，DEHP暴露对斑马鱼肠道组织造成损伤，导致梭杆菌、鲸杆菌等共生菌减少，异根菌-新根菌-副根菌-根瘤菌和假单胞菌富集。分析表明，与免疫和代谢相关的toll样受体通路、nod样受体信号通路和MAPK信号通路表达上调。此外，tlr4、myd88、nf-κb、il10等基因显著上调。综上所述，DEHP可能通过TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB通路和肠道菌群失调增加肠道免疫损伤的风险。本研究有助于评估和控制与水中DEHP污染相关的健康风险。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in rainfall runoff from an AFFF-impacted concrete pad: A field simulation study” [J. Hazard. Mater. Lett. 6 (2025) 1–6] “受afff影响的混凝土垫块降雨径流中的全氟和多氟烷基物质：现场模拟研究”的勘误表[J]。风险。板牙。Lett. 6 (2025) 1-6]

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100142

Phong K. Thai , Jeffrey T. McDonough , Trent A. Key , Anita Thapalia , Scott Porman , Pritesh Prasad , Stephanie Fiorenza , Hirozumi Watanabe , Craig M. Barnes , Jochen F. Mueller

引用次数: 0

Granular activated carbon reduces PFAS bioavailability and protects ant colony growth in soil 颗粒活性炭降低PFAS的生物利用度，保护土壤中的蚁群生长

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100169

Divina Navarro , Ben Hoffmann , Wenchao Lu , Karl Bowles , Jason Kirby

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent contaminants that pose risks to ecological and human health. Soil stabilisation using sorbents such as granular activated carbon (GAC) can reduce PFAS mobility and bioavailability. Previous studies have focused on plants and earthworms, but bioavailability in species relevant to arid and semi-arid environments remains poorly understood. This study examined the effectiveness of GAC in reducing PFAS bioavailability to tropical fire ants (Solenopsis geminata). Two PFAS-contaminated soils were amended with 1 % or 5 % (w/w) GAC, incubated, then subjected to 5-day and 2-month ant exposure trials. Results showed that GAC reduced leachable ∑₂₉PFAS by 73–100 %, with greater reductions at later post-treatment leaching assessments and at 5 % GAC. PFAS exposure in untreated soils impaired ant colony growth, whereas GAC addition mitigated these effects and reduced PFAS concentrations in ants by < 97 %, with the greatest reductions observed in the sandy soil, consistent with leaching results. Non-target PFAS detected in ants collected from untreated soils were not detected in ants from GAC-treated soils, indicating GAC's broad sorption performance. Risk quotients calculated suggest that GAC can substantially lower potential risk to mammals and birds that feed on ants. Overall, findings underscore the value of soil stabilisation strategies, especially in ecosystems where invertebrates influence contaminant exposure.

全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是对生态和人类健康构成风险的持久性污染物。使用颗粒活性炭（GAC）等吸附剂稳定土壤可以降低PFAS的流动性和生物利用度。以前的研究主要集中在植物和蚯蚓上，但是对与干旱和半干旱环境有关的物种的生物利用度仍然知之甚少。本研究考察了GAC降低PFAS对热带火蚁（Solenopsis geminata）生物利用度的有效性。用1 %或5 % （w/w）的GAC对两种pfas污染的土壤进行处理，孵育，然后进行5天和2个月的蚂蚁暴露试验。结果表明，GAC使可浸出∑29PFAS降低了73 ~ 100 %，在处理后的浸出评估和5 % GAC时降低幅度更大。在未经处理的土壤中暴露PFAS会损害蚁群的生长，而添加GAC会减轻这些影响，并使蚂蚁体内的PFAS浓度降低<； 97 %，在沙质土壤中观察到的降低幅度最大，与淋滤结果一致。在未经处理的土壤中采集的蚂蚁中检测到的非目标PFAS在经过GAC处理的土壤中没有检测到，这表明GAC具有广泛的吸附性能。计算出的风险商数表明，GAC可以大大降低以蚂蚁为食的哺乳动物和鸟类的潜在风险。总的来说，研究结果强调了土壤稳定策略的价值，特别是在无脊椎动物影响污染物暴露的生态系统中。

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引用次数: 0

Copper and cadmium toxicity affecting in vitro growth and Scopelophila cataractae development 铜和镉的毒性对体外生长和白内障的影响

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100167

Narin Printarakul , Napaporn Paennoi , Weeradej Meeinkuirt

The effects of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) accumulation on growth and development of Scopelophila cataractae (Mitt.) Broth., Pottiaceae, were investigated over 24 weeks. Moss samples were grown on modified hydroponic medium supplemented with Cu and Cd. Cu markedly promoted the transition from chloronema to caulonema and showed a significantly higher proportion (95.5 %) at 800 µM CuSO₄. The greatest bud and gametophore formation was observed in the 400 µM CuSO₄ treatment, with 130 buds per 25 mm². In contrast, Cd restricted filaments to the chloronema stage, reduced average chloroplast numbers per cell (from 75 to 34.5 under 800 µM CdCl₂), and induced large vacuolar vesicles, reflecting cellular stress. Relative growth rates were 7.1, 10.7 and 16.2 mg g⁻¹d⁻¹ for 800 µM CuSO₄, 800 µM CdCl₂ and control, respectively, indicating strong growth inhibition by heavy metals at high accumulation. Co-exposure of low Cu with Cd increased Cd accumulation (2188–16,027 mg kg⁻¹) and mitigated Cd toxicity. High metal accumulation (>1000 mg kg⁻¹ for Cd, >10,000 mg kg⁻¹ for Cu), protonemal growth and development were generally suppressed. These findings highlight the adaptive strategies of S. cataractae in coping with heavy metal stress and its potential as a bioindicator for metal-contaminated environments.

铜（Cu）和镉（Cd）积累对白内障Scopelophila cataractae生长发育的影响汤。在24周的时间内进行调查。苔藓样品在添加Cu和Cd的改良水培培养基上生长，Cu显著促进了苔藓从绿瘤向茎瘤的转变，并且在800 µM CuSO₄中，Cu的比例显著提高（95.5 %）。400 µM硫酸铜处理的芽和配子体形成最多，每25 mm²有130个芽。相比之下，Cd限制了花丝进入叶绿体阶段，降低了每个细胞的平均叶绿体数量（在800 µM CdCl₂下从75个减少到34.5个），并诱导了大液泡泡，反映了细胞应激。800 µM CuSO₄、800 µM CdCl₂和对照的相对生长速率分别为7.1、10.7和16.2 mg g⁻¹d⁻¹ ，说明重金属在高蓄积时对生长有很强的抑制作用。低铜与Cd的共同暴露增加了Cd的积累（2188 - 16027 mg kg⁻¹）并减轻了Cd的毒性。高金属积累（1000 mg kg⁻¹（Cd）， 1000 mg kg⁻¹（Cu）），原体生长发育普遍受到抑制。这些发现强调了白内障葡萄应对重金属胁迫的适应性策略及其作为金属污染环境生物指标的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a silica gel chromatography-based cleanup method for quantification of polystyrene nanoplastics in tissue samples via pyrolysis–GC/MS 组织样品中聚苯乙烯纳米塑料的热解-气相色谱/质谱净化方法的建立

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100166

Yurika Tokunaga , Kosuke Tanaka , Go Suzuki , Nami Shimizu , Yoshinori Ikenaka , Shouta M.M. Nakayama , Mayumi Ishizuka

Nanoplastics (NPs) are cause for increasing concern due to their ability to cross biological barriers, enhanced reactivity, and potentially greater toxicity than microplastics. However, their quantification in biological samples such as animal tissues remains challenging, primarily due to complex matrix interference and contamination risks. Reliable quantification of NPs in tissues is critical for understanding their bioavailability, bioaccumulation, and associated toxicological risks to animals, as well as their potential ecological risks. Here, we developed a simple yet robust method for quantifying polystyrene (PS) NPs in animal tissues using silica gel column chromatography coupled with pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Tissue samples were homogenized in dichloromethane (DCM) to extract and dissolve PS NPs in DCM and then subjected to alkaline digestion. The extract was subsequently purified using pre-heat-treated silica gel columns. The method showed high recovery rates (102.0 % and 91.2 % at 0.3 and 1.7 µg g⁻¹, respectively), with limits of detection and quantification of 3.0 ng and 7.8 ng, respectively. Validation with liver samples from Japanese quail orally exposed to 50 nm PS NPs revealed significantly elevated levels of PS NPs on Days 1 and 3 post-exposure (33.8 ± 1.5 and 34.1 ± 5.2 ng g⁻¹) compared to controls (13.2 ± 0.3 and 14.5 ± 2.0 ng g⁻¹) (p < 0.005). This method demonstrates effective removal of biological matrix components, enabling accurate and reproducible quantification of PS NPs in avian liver tissues. While the application to other biological samples will be explored in future studies, the method’s simplicity and minimal contamination make it a valuable tool for advancing risk assessments of NPs in biological systems.

纳米塑料（NPs）由于其跨越生物屏障的能力、增强的反应性和潜在的比微塑料更大的毒性而引起越来越多的关注。然而，它们在生物样品（如动物组织）中的定量仍然具有挑战性，主要是由于复杂的基质干扰和污染风险。组织中NPs的可靠定量对于了解其生物利用度、生物蓄积、对动物的相关毒理学风险以及潜在的生态风险至关重要。在这里，我们开发了一种简单而可靠的方法来定量动物组织中的聚苯乙烯（PS） NPs，使用硅胶柱层析-热解-气相色谱/质谱联用。组织样品在二氯甲烷（DCM）中均质，提取并溶解PS NPs，然后进行碱性消化。提取液随后用预处理硅胶柱纯化。该方法在0.3和1.7 µg g⁻¹下的回收率分别为102.0 %和91.2 %，检测限分别为3.0 ng和7.8 ng。验证与肝脏样本日本鹌鹑口头暴露于50 nm PS NPs透露PS含量严重超标NPs在第1和3天接触后(33.8 ±  1.5和34.1±5.2  ng g⁻¹)相比,控制(13.2 ±  0.3和14.5±2.0  ng g⁻¹)(p & lt; 0.005)。该方法可有效去除生物基质成分，实现禽肝组织中PS NPs的准确、可重复性定量。虽然在其他生物样品中的应用将在未来的研究中探索，但该方法的简单性和最小的污染使其成为推进生物系统中NPs风险评估的有价值的工具。

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引用次数: 0

Substantially underestimated PFAS pollution in diverse Ghana’s land-use types revealed by a refined TOP assay 在加纳不同土地使用类型的PFAS污染被大大低估了，通过改进的TOP分析揭示

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2025.100165

Liang Zhao , Junjie Zhang , Shivani Kubendraraj , Susana Villa Gonzalez , Murat V. Ardelan , K. Avarachen Mathew , Emmanuel Ansah , Millicent Kwawu , Christopher Gordon , Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos , Bo Yuan

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) research in developing countries has largely focused on imported sources such as e-waste, but contributions from local land-use activities remain poorly understood. This study selected Ghana as a model to investigate PFAS contamination in sediments from riverine ecosystems across four land-use types: mining, municipal & electronic waste, and agriculture. In addition to conventional target analysis, we refined the direct total oxidizable precursor (dTOP) assay by applying direct oxidation to sediments, with the highest PFAS yields achieved using an eightfold increase in oxidizing agents. Target PFAS concentrations were relatively low, likely reflecting the impact of global regulations, but post-dTOP concentrations increased by 239–65,400 % across all sites, ranging from 0.603 to 476 ng/g. Over 99 % of detected PFAS were attributed to previously untargeted precursors, emphasizing the iceberg nature of PFAS contamination, where routine methods capture only a small visible fraction. Mining and agricultural areas showed higher PFAS levels than the e-waste zone, suggesting that locally driven sources are dominant contributors. The tailored dTOP approach proved essential in revealing these hidden PFAS burdens, highlighting the need for broader monitoring frameworks to inform environmental risk assessment and sustainable land-use management in developing regions.

发展中国家对全氟和多氟烷基物质的研究主要集中在电子废物等进口来源，但对当地土地利用活动的贡献仍然知之甚少。本研究选择加纳作为模型，调查河流生态系统沉积物中的PFAS污染，涉及四种土地利用类型：采矿、市政和电子废物以及农业。除了传统的目标分析外，我们还通过对沉积物进行直接氧化来改进直接总可氧化前体（dTOP）测定，在氧化剂增加8倍的情况下，PFAS产量最高。目标PFAS浓度相对较低，可能反映了全球法规的影响，但所有站点的dtop后浓度增加了239-65,400 %，范围从0.603到476 ng/g。超过99% %的检测到的PFAS归因于以前未靶向的前体，强调了PFAS污染的冰山性质，常规方法只能捕获一小部分可见的部分。矿区和农业区的PFAS水平高于电子废物区，表明当地驱动的来源是主要贡献者。事实证明，量身定制的dTOP方法对于揭示这些隐藏的PFAS负担至关重要，强调需要建立更广泛的监测框架，为发展中地区的环境风险评估和可持续土地利用管理提供信息。

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