Benefits of alfalfa interseeding include reduced residual soil nitrate following corn production

IF 2.3 4区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Agricultural & Environmental Letters Pub Date : 2021-09-08 DOI:10.1002/ael2.20053

William Osterholz, Matthew D. Ruark, Mark Renz, John H. Grabber

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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Interseeding alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) into corn (Zea mays L.) silage can increase forage production, but the effects on soil nitrate pools remain unknown. We compared soil nitrate pools during and after interseeded alfalfa establishment in corn with pools during production of solo-seeded corn followed by spring-seeded alfalfa. Nitrogen (N) fertilizer was applied at three rates as a preplant broadcast or a 50:50 split between preplant broadcast and banded sidedress applications. During corn growth, soil nitrate levels from 0 to 30 cm were increased by higher N rates but were usually similar for both production systems. However, growth of interseeded alfalfa after corn harvest resulted in substantially lower residual fall and spring soil nitrate levels to a 90 cm depth, particularly under the highest N rate. Additionally, interseeded alfalfa influenced spring nitrate stratification by reducing nitrate in deeper horizons and increasing nitrate in the surface horizon. Interseeded alfalfa can thereby reduce the risk of nitrate leaching.

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苜蓿间种的好处包括减少玉米生产后残留的土壤硝酸盐

苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)间种玉米(Zea mays L.)青贮能提高饲料产量，但对土壤硝酸盐库的影响尚不清楚。我们比较了苜蓿在玉米中播种期间和播种后的土壤硝酸盐库与单播玉米和春播苜蓿生产期间的土壤硝酸盐库。氮肥以三种速率施用，分别为植前撒播或植前撒播与带状侧施50:50。在玉米生长过程中，较高的施氮量增加了0 ~ 30 cm土壤硝酸盐水平，但两种生产体系通常相似。然而，玉米收获后杂交紫花苜蓿的生长导致90 cm深度的秋季和春季土壤残留硝酸盐含量显著降低，特别是在最高施氮量下。此外，间种紫花苜蓿对春季硝酸盐分层的影响表现为深层硝酸盐减少，表层硝酸盐增加。间种紫花苜蓿可以减少硝酸盐淋失的风险。

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