Zika virus and the impact on pregnancy

Abstract

Since it was first associated with microcephaly and other central nervous system abnormalities, Zika virus infection emerged as a global health issue and discouraged pregnant women from traveling to areas affected by the Zika virus. Zika virus can be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, and can cause microcephaly, and other congenital malformations, known as congenital Zika syndrome. Microcephaly is determined by loss of brain tissue and abnormal brain development, and the outcome in children may vary, depending on the extent of the damage. Congenital Zika syndrome includes a broad spectrum of malformations, like limb contractions, increased muscle tone, eye abnormalities and hearing impairment. The purpose of this study is to synthesize available information about Zika virus and its impact on pregnancy and fetal development.