Exohidrolasas fructosílicas y su importancia en el metabolismo de fructanos en Agave tequilana Weber var. azul

Abstract

Fructans are carbohydrates of diverse chemical structure that are distributed in different taxa. In plants, in addition to be an important source of carbon, they have been associated with tolerance to different types of stress. The biosynthesis of these compounds is carried out by the action of enzymes called fructosyltransferases, while their degradation is mediated by fructan exohydrolases, both types are part of the 32 family of glycosidic hydrolase enzymes. Fructan exohydrolases are exo-enzymes that sequentially release terminal fructose residues from fructans to make them available as carbon sources for different cellular processes or as signaling molecules. In this review, a description is made of fructans, y of fructosyl exohydrolases in some plants important for human consumption or for industrial use, such as the Agave genus, specifically in A. tequilana. We conclude that the study of fructan exohydrolases in agaves could be useful in various biotechnological applications, for example, in the hydrolysis of undigested fructan structures during the agave cooking stage in the tequila production process. However, the first step is to determinate the enzymatic activity in which they are involved, for its posterior inclusion in biotechnology processes.