Modelling the impact of trapped lee waves on offshore wind farm power output

IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Wind Energy Science Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI:10.5194/wes-8-1179-2023
S. Ollier, S. Watson
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Abstract

Abstract. Mesoscale meteorological phenomena, including atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) and including trapped lee waves (TLWs), can result from flow over topography or coastal transition in the presence of stable atmospheric stratification, particularly with strong capping inversions. Satellite images show that topographically forced TLWs frequently occur around near-coastal offshore wind farms. Yet current understanding of how they interact with individual turbines and whole farm energy output is limited. This parametric study investigates the potential impact of TLWs on a UK near-coastal offshore wind farm, Westermost Rough (WMR), resulting from westerly–southwesterly flow over topography in the southeast of England. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling (using Ansys CFX) of TLW situations based on real atmospheric conditions at WMR was used to better understand turbine level and whole wind farm performance in this parametric study based on real inflow conditions. These simulations indicated that TLWs have the potential to significantly alter the wind speeds experienced by and the resultant power output of individual turbines and the whole wind farm. The location of the wind farm in the TLW wave cycle was an important factor in determining the magnitude of TLW impacts, given the expected wavelength of the TLW. Where the TLW trough was coincident with the wind farm, the turbine wind speeds and power outputs were more substantially reduced compared with when the TLW peak was coincident with the location of the wind farm. These reductions were mediated by turbine wind speeds and wake losses being superimposed on the TLW. However, the same initial flow conditions interacting with topography under different atmospheric stability settings produce differing near-wind-farm flow. Factors influencing the flow within the wind farm under the different stability conditions include differing, hill and coastal transition recovery, wind farm blockage effects, and wake recovery. Determining how much of the differences in wind speed and power output in the wind farm resulted from the TLW is an area for future development.
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模拟捕获的背风波对海上风电场输出功率的影响
摘要中尺度气象现象,包括大气重力波(AGWs)和被困背风波(TLWs),可以在稳定的大气分层存在的情况下由地形流动或沿海过渡引起,特别是在强封盖逆温的情况下。卫星图像显示,地形强迫tlw经常发生在近岸海上风力发电场附近。然而,目前对它们如何与单个涡轮机和整个农场的能量输出相互作用的理解是有限的。这项参数研究调查了英国近岸海上风电场的潜在影响,该风电场是由英格兰东南部地形上的西南风流造成的。本研究基于实际入流条件的参数化研究,采用基于WMR真实大气条件的tlw情况的计算流体动力学(CFD)建模(使用Ansys CFX),更好地了解涡轮机水平和整个风电场的性能。这些模拟表明,tlw具有显著改变单个涡轮机和整个风电场所经历的风速和由此产生的功率输出的潜力。考虑到TLW的预期波长,风电场在TLW波周期中的位置是决定TLW影响大小的一个重要因素。当TLW槽位与风电场位置重合时,与TLW峰值与风电场位置重合时相比,风机风速和输出功率降低幅度更大。这些减少是由涡轮风速和尾迹损失叠加在TLW上介导的。然而,在不同的大气稳定性环境下,相同的初始流动条件与地形相互作用会产生不同的近风电场流动。不同稳定条件下影响风电场内流量的因素包括:差异、丘陵和海岸过渡恢复、风电场阻塞效应和尾迹恢复。确定风力发电场中风速和功率输出的差异有多大是由TLW造成的,这是未来发展的一个领域。
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来源期刊
Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
27.50%
发文量
115
审稿时长
28 weeks
期刊最新文献
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