Antifungal effects of seven plant essential oils against Penicillium digitatum

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI:10.1186/s40538-023-00434-3

Lovemore Zulu, Hongshan Gao, Yijing Zhu, Huiming Wu, Yongjian Xie, Xunyue Liu, Haifeng Yao, Qiong Rao

{"title":"Antifungal effects of seven plant essential oils against Penicillium digitatum","authors":"Lovemore Zulu, Hongshan Gao, Yijing Zhu, Huiming Wu, Yongjian Xie, Xunyue Liu, Haifeng Yao, Qiong Rao","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00434-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Research interest in plant essential oils has increased significantly due to their natural properties and consumer demand for safer methods of food preservation. Plants produce large amounts of secondary metabolites, which have potential activity against fungal pathogens. This study aimed at screening essential oils for their antifungal effects on citrus against <i>Penicillium digitatum</i>, morphological effect and finally determine which essential oils are the most effective.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The EC<sub>50</sub> of seven selected cinnamon (0.424 μL/mL), patchouli (0.513 μL/mL), vetiver (0.612 μL/mL), dill (1.597 μL/mL), origanum (1.971 μL/mL) and ylang (2.214 μL/mL) was determined. In addition, cinnamon substantially reduced sporulation (100%) followed by patchouli (86.02%), vetiver (82.73%), and chamomile (79.04%), respectively. Our GC–MS result determined variance in concentration of essential oils compound composition. The total compound composition in all seven essential oils > 1% was found to be 3 in cinnamon, 5 in dill, 10 in origanum, 13 in ylang, 11 in patchouli, 9 in chamomile and 16 in vetiver. Addition of essential oils significantly altered fungal morphology by scanning electron cryomicroscopy. Patchouli and origanum showed broken hyphae while there was an indication of severe deformation and collapse of spores in cinnamon and chamomile.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Based on our findings, we report that these essential oils could potentially be applicable in controlling <i>P. digitatum</i> with reduced concern for human health, environmental contamination and possibly replacement of synthetic treatments.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\n <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00434-3","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40538-023-00434-3","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Research interest in plant essential oils has increased significantly due to their natural properties and consumer demand for safer methods of food preservation. Plants produce large amounts of secondary metabolites, which have potential activity against fungal pathogens. This study aimed at screening essential oils for their antifungal effects on citrus against Penicillium digitatum, morphological effect and finally determine which essential oils are the most effective.

Results

The EC₅₀ of seven selected cinnamon (0.424 μL/mL), patchouli (0.513 μL/mL), vetiver (0.612 μL/mL), dill (1.597 μL/mL), origanum (1.971 μL/mL) and ylang (2.214 μL/mL) was determined. In addition, cinnamon substantially reduced sporulation (100%) followed by patchouli (86.02%), vetiver (82.73%), and chamomile (79.04%), respectively. Our GC–MS result determined variance in concentration of essential oils compound composition. The total compound composition in all seven essential oils > 1% was found to be 3 in cinnamon, 5 in dill, 10 in origanum, 13 in ylang, 11 in patchouli, 9 in chamomile and 16 in vetiver. Addition of essential oils significantly altered fungal morphology by scanning electron cryomicroscopy. Patchouli and origanum showed broken hyphae while there was an indication of severe deformation and collapse of spores in cinnamon and chamomile.

Conclusion

Based on our findings, we report that these essential oils could potentially be applicable in controlling P. digitatum with reduced concern for human health, environmental contamination and possibly replacement of synthetic treatments.

Graphical abstract

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

7种植物精油对指状青霉的抑菌作用

由于植物精油的天然特性和消费者对更安全的食品保存方法的需求，对植物精油的研究兴趣大大增加。植物产生大量次生代谢物，具有潜在的抗真菌活性。本研究旨在筛选柑橘精油对指状青霉菌的抑菌效果、形态效应，并最终确定哪种精油效果最好。结果测定了肉桂(0.424 μL/mL)、广藿香(0.513 μL/mL)、香根草(0.612 μL/mL)、莳萝(1.597 μL/mL)、牛头草(1.971 μL/mL)、依兰(2.214 μL/mL)的EC50。此外，肉桂显著减少孢子萌发(100%)，其次是广藿香(86.02%)、香根草(82.73%)和洋甘菊(79.04%)。我们的GC-MS结果确定了精油化合物组成浓度的差异。所有七种精油的总化合物成分中有1%为肉桂3、莳萝5、牛头草10、依兰13、广藿香11、洋甘菊9和香根草16。通过扫描电子冷冻显微镜观察，添加精油显著改变了真菌的形态。广藿香和牛头草菌丝断裂，肉桂和洋甘菊孢子严重变形和塌陷。结论本研究结果表明，这些精油具有较好的防治效果，对人体健康和环境污染的影响较小，有可能替代人工合成的防治方法。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

3.00%

发文量

审稿时长

15 weeks

期刊介绍： Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed forum for the advancement and application to all fields of agriculture of modern chemical, biochemical and molecular technologies. The scope of this journal includes chemical and biochemical processes aimed to increase sustainable agricultural and food production, the evaluation of quality and origin of raw primary products and their transformation into foods and chemicals, as well as environmental monitoring and remediation. Of special interest are the effects of chemical and biochemical technologies, also at the nano and supramolecular scale, on the relationships between soil, plants, microorganisms and their environment, with the help of modern bioinformatics. Another special focus is the use of modern bioorganic and biological chemistry to develop new technologies for plant nutrition and bio-stimulation, advancement of biorefineries from biomasses, safe and traceable food products, carbon storage in soil and plants and restoration of contaminated soils to agriculture. This journal presents the first opportunity to bring together researchers from a wide number of disciplines within the agricultural chemical and biological sciences, from both industry and academia. The principle aim of Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is to allow the exchange of the most advanced chemical and biochemical knowledge to develop technologies which address one of the most pressing challenges of our times - sustaining a growing world population. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture publishes original research articles, short letters and invited reviews. Articles from scientists in industry, academia as well as private research institutes, non-governmental and environmental organizations are encouraged.