The Concrete Rupture: An Examination of Yugoslav Islamic Heritage in the Aftermath of the 1963 Skopje Earthquake

IF 0.3 3区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE International Journal of Islamic Architecture Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI:10.1386/ijia_00116_1
Maja Babić
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Abstract

The study of the Cold War built environment and its links with communist ideology have permeated the field of architectural history and theory since the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. However, the treatment of Ottoman Islamic heritage under state socialist rule remains a little examined subject. The earthquake that demolished large swaths of the Yugoslav city of Skopje in 1963 caused heavy damage to Ottoman architecture. In the years that followed, the reconstruction of Skopje became a symbol of a singular, international collaboration between countries from both sides of the Cold War divide. The city that arose became the 1970s brutalist capital of the Balkans. This article examines the treatment of Ottoman urban heritage in Skopje and its sociocultural and political implications during the post-disaster (re)construction of a modernizing and modernist city. I argue that disregard for the historical breadth and the continuing religious, cultural, and social significance of the region’s Ottoman-era urban spaces and structures for Skopje’s Muslim community in the creation of the brutalist city was not exclusively based on anti-Muslim rhetoric. Rather, it was part of the driving quest for modernity sought by the Yugoslav communist leaders in the second half of the twentieth century.
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混凝土断裂:1963年斯科普里地震后对南斯拉夫伊斯兰遗产的考察
自1989年柏林墙倒塌以来,对冷战建筑环境及其与共产主义意识形态的联系的研究已经渗透到建筑史和理论领域。然而,在国家社会主义统治下对奥斯曼伊斯兰遗产的处理仍然是一个很少被研究的主题。1963年的那场地震摧毁了南斯拉夫城市斯科普里的大片土地,对奥斯曼建筑造成了严重破坏。在随后的几年里,斯科普里的重建成为冷战分裂双方国家之间独特的国际合作的象征。这座崛起的城市成为了20世纪70年代巴尔干半岛野兽派的首都。本文考察了奥斯曼帝国城市遗产在斯科普里的处理及其在灾后(重新)建设现代化和现代主义城市期间的社会文化和政治影响。我认为,在建立这座野兽派城市的过程中,斯科普里穆斯林社区无视奥斯曼时代城市空间和结构的历史广度和持续的宗教、文化和社会意义,并非完全基于反穆斯林的言论。更确切地说,这是南斯拉夫共产党领导人在20世纪下半叶寻求现代化的驱动力的一部分。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
33
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Islamic Architecture (IJIA) publishes bi-annually, peer-reviewed articles on the urban design and planning, architecture and landscape architecture of the historic Islamic world, encompassing the Middle East and parts of Africa and Asia, but also the more recent geographies of Islam in its global dimensions. The main emphasis is on the detailed analysis of the practical, historical and theoretical aspects of architecture, with a focus on both design and its reception. The journal also aims to encourage dialogue and discussion between practitioners and scholars. Articles that bridge the academic-practitioner divide are highly encouraged. While the main focus is on architecture, papers that explore architecture from other disciplinary perspectives, such as art, history, archaeology, anthropology, culture, spirituality, religion and economics are also welcome. The journal is specifically interested in contemporary architecture and urban design in relation to social and cultural history, geography, politics, aesthetics, technology and conservation. Spanning across cultures and disciplines, IJIA seeks to analyse and explain issues related to the built environment throughout the regions covered. The audience of this journal includes both practitioners and scholars. The journal publishes both online and in print. The first issue was published in January 2012.
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