{"title":"Al-Bustān: Las Fincas Aristocráticas y la Construcción de los paisajes periurbanos de Al-Andalus y Sicilia, Murcia and Granada, Spain, October 6–8, 2022","authors":"Nour Eddine Nachouane","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00155_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00155_5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Abolish Human Bans: Intertwined Histories of Architecture, Esra Akcan (2020) Montreal: Canadian Centre for Architecture, 64 pp., 76 colour/b&w illus., ISBN: 9781927071823, CA$18 (paperback) Victims of Commemoration: The Architecture and Violence of Confronting the Past in Turkey, Eray Çayli (2022) New York: Syracuse University Press, 264 pp., 39 b&w illus., 4 maps, ISBN: 9780815637547, $75 (hardback)
{"title":"Abolish Human Bans: Intertwined Histories of Architecture, Esra Akcan (2020)","authors":"G. Baydar","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00149_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00149_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Abolish Human Bans: Intertwined Histories of Architecture, Esra Akcan (2020)\u0000 Montreal: Canadian Centre for Architecture, 64 pp., 76 colour/b&w illus.,\u0000 ISBN: 9781927071823, CA$18 (paperback)\u0000 \u0000 Victims of Commemoration: The Architecture and Violence of Confronting the Past in Turkey, Eray Çayli (2022)\u0000 New York: Syracuse University Press, 264 pp., 39 b&w illus., 4 maps,\u0000 ISBN: 9780815637547, $75 (hardback)","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141700377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Halil Altındere proposes in his video Space Refugee (2016) that Syrian refugees resettle on Mars to escape the dire environmental and political circumstances of Earth. Through a visual analysis of the Martian landscapes and built environments featured in Altındere’s video, I examine how the artist evokes the overlapping visual languages and rhetorical devices used to frame the construction of real and imagined cities in the UAE and on Mars. I argue that Altındere’s Martian landscape brings together features of Gulf modernism in Dubai and Abu Dhabi with elements of historical Islamicate architectures to imagine a Martian modernism that subverts repressive conditions on earth and offers social transformation. I theorize and contextualize Altındere’s vision of a utopian Martian life for Syrian refugees through the framework of Martian modernism. This critical lens elucidates how the visual features, living conditions, and ideological motivations of the future imagined in Space Refugee are shaped by and respond to intersecting histories of modernity, coloniality, architectural development, extraterrestrial exploration, science fiction, and climate change.
Halil Altındere 在他的视频《太空难民》（2016 年）中提出，叙利亚难民为了逃离地球上恶劣的环境和政治环境而在火星上定居。通过对 Altındere 视频中的火星景观和建筑环境进行视觉分析，我研究了这位艺术家如何唤起人们对重叠的视觉语言和修辞手段的兴趣，这些语言和修辞手段被用来构建阿联酋和火星上真实和想象中的城市。我认为，Altındere 的火星景观将迪拜和阿布扎比的海湾现代主义特征与历史上伊斯兰建筑的元素结合在一起，想象出一种火星现代主义，它颠覆了地球上的压抑条件，并带来了社会变革。我通过火星现代主义的框架，对阿尔特恩德雷为叙利亚难民设想的乌托邦式火星生活进行了理论和背景分析。这一批判性视角阐明了《太空难民》中所想象的未来的视觉特征、生活条件和意识形态动机是如何被现代性、殖民主义、建筑发展、外星探索、科幻小说和气候变化等相互交错的历史所塑造并做出回应的。
{"title":"Halil Altındere’s Space Refugee: Martian Modernism, Syrian Resettlement, and Life After Climate Change","authors":"Rachel Winter","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00147_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00147_1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Halil Altındere proposes in his video Space Refugee (2016) that Syrian refugees resettle on Mars to escape the dire environmental and political circumstances of Earth. Through a visual analysis of the Martian landscapes and built environments featured in Altındere’s video, I examine how the artist evokes the overlapping visual languages and rhetorical devices used to frame the construction of real and imagined cities in the UAE and on Mars. I argue that Altındere’s Martian landscape brings together features of Gulf modernism in Dubai and Abu Dhabi with elements of historical Islamicate architectures to imagine a Martian modernism that subverts repressive conditions on earth and offers social transformation. I theorize and contextualize Altındere’s vision of a utopian Martian life for Syrian refugees through the framework of Martian modernism. This critical lens elucidates how the visual features, living conditions, and ideological motivations of the future imagined in Space Refugee are shaped by and respond to intersecting histories of modernity, coloniality, architectural development, extraterrestrial exploration, science fiction, and climate change.\u0000","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The commonplace image of the oasis is of a natural occurrence emerging from the desert sands. However, most oases are agricultural landscapes, that is, environments built to produce food for human consumption. Agriculture often constitutes a driving force in land degradation, but in some of the most arid regions of the world, traditional agricultural practices sometimes lead to the rise and long-term establishment of vegetation at levels of abundance and intricacy that would otherwise not be possible. In this article, I investigate some of these vernacular oases at the intersection of their geomorphological and technological causes. On the one hand, there are tectonic and climatic processes that give shape to the geomorphological structure of these arid lands. On the other, there are myriad infrastructural and agronomic techniques – many of which can be traced a thousand years back through Islamic traditions of agroecology – aimed at increasing vegetation cover through water harvesting and topsoil conservation. Because of their fragility, these landscapes have historically been associated with the decline of ecosystems, economies, and cultures. In the current context of climate change and environmental degradation, the possibilities and limitations of these arid landscapes offer great insights into the future of the built environment.
{"title":"The Oasis Loop: Vernacular Agricultural Landscapes in Arid Conditions","authors":"Pablo Pérez-Ramos","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00148_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00148_1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The commonplace image of the oasis is of a natural occurrence emerging from the desert sands. However, most oases are agricultural landscapes, that is, environments built to produce food for human consumption. Agriculture often constitutes a driving force in land degradation, but in some of the most arid regions of the world, traditional agricultural practices sometimes lead to the rise and long-term establishment of vegetation at levels of abundance and intricacy that would otherwise not be possible. In this article, I investigate some of these vernacular oases at the intersection of their geomorphological and technological causes. On the one hand, there are tectonic and climatic processes that give shape to the geomorphological structure of these arid lands. On the other, there are myriad infrastructural and agronomic techniques – many of which can be traced a thousand years back through Islamic traditions of agroecology – aimed at increasing vegetation cover through water harvesting and topsoil conservation. Because of their fragility, these landscapes have historically been associated with the decline of ecosystems, economies, and cultures. In the current context of climate change and environmental degradation, the possibilities and limitations of these arid landscapes offer great insights into the future of the built environment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Holy Islamic Tomb at Lingshan Mountain in Quanzhou, China, is believed to be the final resting place of two of the Prophet Muhammad’s disciples who were dispatched as missionaries in the early seventh century. While prior scholarship has centred on verifying the tradition’s chronology, this article foregrounds the role of environmental actors in the tomb site’s ascent to prominence. I argue that the holy tomb (shengmu) tradition did not emerge until the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century, so its invention should be analysed alongside concurrent climate hazards that plagued late Ming China (1368–1644). Uncommon episodes of snowfall, flooding, drought, and associated famines drove Quanzhou’s local communities towards popular religious practices. Muslim visitation practices in Quanzhou, which experienced a restrained period following the decline of Mongol rule, re-emerged into universal consciousness and became integral to the city’s spiritual landscape by aligning with Chinese allegorical narratives. Through this reinvented tradition, the Holy Islamic Tomb was characterized as a site blessed by the heavens during times of cosmic disturbances. Instead of passive assimilation, through which religious identities may be diluted, the active participation of Quanzhou Muslims in local practices empowered them to elevate and honour Islamic traditions within a predominantly non-Muslim society.
{"title":"Reinventing Sacred Ground Amidst Natural Disaster: The Holy Islamic Tomb in Seventeenth-Century Quanzhou","authors":"Sylvia Wu","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00143_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00143_1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Holy Islamic Tomb at Lingshan Mountain in Quanzhou, China, is believed to be the final resting place of two of the Prophet Muhammad’s disciples who were dispatched as missionaries in the early seventh century. While prior scholarship has centred on verifying the tradition’s chronology, this article foregrounds the role of environmental actors in the tomb site’s ascent to prominence. I argue that the holy tomb (shengmu) tradition did not emerge until the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century, so its invention should be analysed alongside concurrent climate hazards that plagued late Ming China (1368–1644). Uncommon episodes of snowfall, flooding, drought, and associated famines drove Quanzhou’s local communities towards popular religious practices. Muslim visitation practices in Quanzhou, which experienced a restrained period following the decline of Mongol rule, re-emerged into universal consciousness and became integral to the city’s spiritual landscape by aligning with Chinese allegorical narratives. Through this reinvented tradition, the Holy Islamic Tomb was characterized as a site blessed by the heavens during times of cosmic disturbances. Instead of passive assimilation, through which religious identities may be diluted, the active participation of Quanzhou Muslims in local practices empowered them to elevate and honour Islamic traditions within a predominantly non-Muslim society.","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141693768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: A Culture of Building: Courtyard Houses in the Old City of Aleppo, Vols 1 and 2, ed. Dima Dayoub, Ruba Kasmo, and Anne Mollenhauer (2023) Beirut: al Ayn, 591 pp. (2 vols), 1000 b&w illus., ISBN: 9789953058788, €55 (paperback)
回顾：建筑文化：Dima Dayoub、Ruba Kasmo 和 Anne Mollenhauer 编著（2023 年），贝鲁特：al Ayn，591 页（2 卷），Anne Mollenhauer 译。Dima Dayoub, Ruba Kasmo, and Anne Mollenhauer (2023) Beirut: al Ayn, 591 pp.
{"title":"A Culture of Building: Courtyard Houses in the Old City of Aleppo, Vols 1 and 2, ed. Dima Dayoub, Ruba Kasmo, and Anne Mollenhauer (2023)","authors":"Veronika Poier","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00151_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00151_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: A Culture of Building: Courtyard Houses in the Old City of Aleppo, Vols 1 and 2, ed. Dima Dayoub, Ruba Kasmo, and Anne Mollenhauer (2023)\u0000 Beirut: al Ayn, 591 pp. (2 vols), 1000 b&w illus.,\u0000 ISBN: 9789953058788, €55 (paperback)","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Architecture and Development: Israeli Construction in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Settler Colonial Imagination, 1958–1973, Ayala Levin (2022) Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 320 pp., 53 b&w and 16 colour illus., ISBN: 9781478015260, $107 (hardback)
{"title":"Architecture and Development: Israeli Construction in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Settler Colonial Imagination, 1958–1973, Ayala Levin (2022)","authors":"Noam Shoked","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00150_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00150_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Architecture and Development: Israeli Construction in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Settler Colonial Imagination, 1958–1973, Ayala Levin (2022)\u0000 Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 320 pp., 53 b&w and 16 colour illus.,\u0000 ISBN: 9781478015260, $107 (hardback)","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Historians of Islamic Art Association 2023 Biennial Symposium, the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, and Rice University, March 2–4, 2023","authors":"Dallin Evans","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00154_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00154_5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A montage in Syrian filmmaker and activist Omar Amiralay’s Film Essay on the Euphrates Dam (1970) juxtaposes the dam’s industrial machinery with an eighteenth-century bce limestone statue of the goddess Ishtar, excavated from the Syrian site of Mari on the Euphrates River and known as the déesse au vase jaillissant (goddess with a flowing vase). This article analyses Amiralay’s visual and semiotic conflation of the dam’s architectural infrastructure and the déesse, raising questions regarding the politics of preservation under the Syrian Assad family regime (1971–present). Amiralay’s film valorises industrial labour while presenting a view of the rural lifeways that surround the Euphrates through the lens of salvage ethnography, suggesting that the advent of the dam will render these rural ways obsolete. The documentary records the months before over 60,000 people evacuated the region that would soon become the dam’s reservoir, Lake Assad. I argue that, read alongside film and literature that recentres the dam’s displaced (al-maghmurin; the drowned), Film Essay offers a counter-narrative to the ‘climate thesis’ of the Syrian Civil War (2011–present) and ties the conflict to longer histories of false promises and political subjugation embodied by the Tabqa Dam project.
{"title":"The Déesse and the Dam: Extractive Audacity, Montage, and the Politics of Ecological Devastation on the Euphrates","authors":"Meghan Clare Considine","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00146_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00146_1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A montage in Syrian filmmaker and activist Omar Amiralay’s Film Essay on the Euphrates Dam (1970) juxtaposes the dam’s industrial machinery with an eighteenth-century\u0000 \u0000 bce\u0000 \u0000 limestone statue of the goddess Ishtar, excavated from the Syrian site of Mari on the Euphrates River and known as the déesse au vase jaillissant (goddess with a flowing vase). This article analyses Amiralay’s visual and semiotic conflation of the dam’s architectural infrastructure and the déesse, raising questions regarding the politics of preservation under the Syrian Assad family regime (1971–present). Amiralay’s film valorises industrial labour while presenting a view of the rural lifeways that surround the Euphrates through the lens of salvage ethnography, suggesting that the advent of the dam will render these rural ways obsolete. The documentary records the months before over 60,000 people evacuated the region that would soon become the dam’s reservoir, Lake Assad. I argue that, read alongside film and literature that recentres the dam’s displaced (al-maghmurin; the drowned), Film Essay offers a counter-narrative to the ‘climate thesis’ of the Syrian Civil War (2011–present) and ties the conflict to longer histories of false promises and political subjugation embodied by the Tabqa Dam project.\u0000","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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