Effectiveness of individual nutrition counselling for the prevention of undernutrition among elderly people living in depopulated areas: secondary analysis of a model project in Tsu city.
{"title":"Effectiveness of individual nutrition counselling for the prevention of undernutrition among elderly people living in depopulated areas: secondary analysis of a model project in Tsu city.","authors":"Keiko Okumura, Shuhei Ichikawa, Hideki Wakabayashi, Young Jae Hong, Yuko Tokudome, Yousuke Takemura","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2022-000576","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the effectiveness of nutrition counselling (NC) in preventing undernutrition in elderly people living in depopulated areas.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Participants were elderly people aged at least 65 years living in a depopulated area. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires evaluating nutritional status, frailty and body composition at the start of the study, after a non-NC period (3-month control) and after an NC period (3-month intervention). During the NC period, participants attended monthly 1-hour NC sessions over 3 months. Sessions were conducted in three areas (A, B and C), and the schedule was staggered so that the NC period in one area was conducted simultaneously with the non-NC period of the next. All sessions within an area were attended by the same registered dietitian. Outcomes were assessed three times: before the non-NC period, after the non-NC period and after the NC period. The effects of NC were assessed by comparing the results between the non-NC and NC periods of all participants, using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel stratified test.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>The primary outcome was undernutrition, as determined by the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. Secondary outcomes were Dietary Diversity Score (DVS), body weight and frailty. Body composition was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 106 individuals who joined the project, 61 completed the project and were analysed. The NC in this study had no effect on the primary outcome. DVS in area A was significantly higher after the NC period than after the non-NC period (p=0.012). Frailty in area C was significantly lower after the NC period than after the non-NC period (p=0.025). NC had no significant effects on the other outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NC improved food variety but did not improve nutritional status, frailty or body composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11009543/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2022-000576","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of nutrition counselling (NC) in preventing undernutrition in elderly people living in depopulated areas.
Design: Participants were elderly people aged at least 65 years living in a depopulated area. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires evaluating nutritional status, frailty and body composition at the start of the study, after a non-NC period (3-month control) and after an NC period (3-month intervention). During the NC period, participants attended monthly 1-hour NC sessions over 3 months. Sessions were conducted in three areas (A, B and C), and the schedule was staggered so that the NC period in one area was conducted simultaneously with the non-NC period of the next. All sessions within an area were attended by the same registered dietitian. Outcomes were assessed three times: before the non-NC period, after the non-NC period and after the NC period. The effects of NC were assessed by comparing the results between the non-NC and NC periods of all participants, using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel stratified test.
Outcome measures: The primary outcome was undernutrition, as determined by the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. Secondary outcomes were Dietary Diversity Score (DVS), body weight and frailty. Body composition was also assessed.
Results: Of 106 individuals who joined the project, 61 completed the project and were analysed. The NC in this study had no effect on the primary outcome. DVS in area A was significantly higher after the NC period than after the non-NC period (p=0.012). Frailty in area C was significantly lower after the NC period than after the non-NC period (p=0.025). NC had no significant effects on the other outcomes.
Conclusions: NC improved food variety but did not improve nutritional status, frailty or body composition.