Imagining risk taking: The valence of mental imagery is related to the declared willingness to take risky actions

IF 1.8 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI:10.1002/bdm.2340
Joanna Smieja, Tomasz Zaleskiewicz, Agata Sobkow, Jakub Traczyk
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The aim of the present research was to investigate the involvement of mental imagery in people's choices under risk. We tested the general idea that decision makers can use visual mental images (visual mental simulations) to pre-experience how rewarding or threatening future outcomes of risky behavior will be and try out the potential consequences of their risky activities. The paper reports the results of three preregistered studies (including one experiment) showing that the valence of mental imagery is related to the willingness to take risky actions and that people spontaneously use mental imagery as an informative decision input. In Study 1, we found that the more positive mental images people produced when faced with risk, the more willing they were to take risky actions representing different risk domains. Study 2 extended the results of Study 1, indicating that the valence of mental imagery has a causal effect on participants' risk taking willingness. Qualitative analysis based on independent judges' evaluations conducted in Studies 1 and 2 documented that, when requested, participants could easily generate visual mental images illustrating the consequences of their risky choices. Finally, with Study 3, we found that participants declared using mental imagery as a decision input (i.e., a source of information that helps them make choices) even when they were not instructed to do so. However, the frequency of reporting images as decision inputs differed across risky activities.

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想象冒险:心理意象的效价与宣称愿意采取冒险行动有关
本研究的目的是调查心理意象在人们面临风险时的选择中的作用。我们测试了决策者可以使用视觉心理图像(视觉心理模拟)来预先体验风险行为的回报或威胁的未来结果,并尝试他们的风险活动的潜在后果。本文报告了三个预先登记的研究结果(包括一个实验),表明心理意象的效价与采取冒险行动的意愿有关,人们自发地将心理意象作为信息决策输入。在研究1中,我们发现人们在面对风险时产生的积极的心理形象越多,他们就越愿意采取代表不同风险领域的冒险行动。研究2扩展了研究1的结果,表明心理意象的效价对被试的冒险意愿有因果关系。在研究1和研究2中进行的定性分析表明,当被要求时,参与者可以很容易地产生视觉图像来说明他们冒险选择的后果。最后,在研究3中,我们发现参与者声称使用心理意象作为决策输入(即,帮助他们做出选择的信息来源),即使他们没有被指示这样做。然而,报告图像作为决策输入的频率因风险活动而异。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
5.00%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: The Journal of Behavioral Decision Making is a multidisciplinary journal with a broad base of content and style. It publishes original empirical reports, critical review papers, theoretical analyses and methodological contributions. The Journal also features book, software and decision aiding technique reviews, abstracts of important articles published elsewhere and teaching suggestions. The objective of the Journal is to present and stimulate behavioral research on decision making and to provide a forum for the evaluation of complementary, contrasting and conflicting perspectives. These perspectives include psychology, management science, sociology, political science and economics. Studies of behavioral decision making in naturalistic and applied settings are encouraged.
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