Antimicrobial evaluation of the Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) leaf essential oil combination with standard antimicrobial compounds

Abstract

Pogostemon cablin Benth's leaves, which belong to the Lamiaceae family, are used to make patchouli essential oil (PEO). Sesquiterpenes are the main compounds in essential oil. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiemetic, and anti-inflammatory activities are just a few of the many pharmacological actions that are well-known. In this investigation, cefuroxime (CEF), moxifloxacin (MOX), clarithromycin (CLA), fluconazole (FLU), and terbinafine (TER) were combined with patchouli (Pogostemon cablin leaf essential oil). Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, and yeasts Candida albicans ATCC 10231, and C. tropicalis ATCC 750 were tested against all combinations. Drug interaction was given as fractional inhibitory concentrations (FIC) after combinations of the essential oils were tested for their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The checkerboard method was used to assess antimicrobial interactions, Fluconazole, terbinafine, cefuroxime, and clarithromycin combined with essential oil demonstrated an "additive effect" against Candida strains together with E. coli and S. aureus.