The Effects of Amino acids, Phenols and Protein Hydrolysates as Biostimulants on Sustainable Crop Production and Alleviate Stresses.

Abstract

Biostimulants which contain substances or products including natural compounds, special formulation and microorganisms have gained a considerable attention as sustainable method for heavy metal detoxification, stimulate natural toxins, controlling diseases and pests, may increase both water and nutrient efficiency. Biostimulants are important products in modern agriculture which composed of different heterogenous classes of compounds with a broad spectrum of action to increase both qualitative and quantitative productions. Amino acids can be useful in stress defence, photosynthesis, increase nutrient uptake, pollination and fruit formation, precursors to hormones and growth parameters. Amino acids are considered as precursors and constituents of proteins, which are well-known for stimulation of cell growth. Because, they are the basic building blocks of proteins, amino acids are very important in plant growth, development and metabolite synthesis. One of the diverse, notable and the large group of secondary metabolites is phenolic compounds which have important function in regulation of the plants physiological activities, oxidation-reduction processes and photosynthesis. Protein hydrolysates contain amino acids and peptides which is one of the most important kinds of biostimulants. Protein hydrolysates have notable capability to increase crop performance, particularly under environmental stress conditions. This review article is aimed to introduce and found more about the roles of different types of biostimulants on plant growth and final yield production with considering sustainable agriculture.