Prevalence of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Infection and Incidence Rate of Diabetic MRSA Patients in Northern Region of KSA

Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that causes infection in different parts of the body. It's tougher to treat than most strains of staphylococcus aureus. Because it's resistant to some commonly used antibiotics. Although enough data is available about MRSA prevalence worldwide but here is lack of research and accurate statistics that covers the north regions of Saudi Arabia. The aim of current research is to analyze the MRSA positive cases in Northern region of Saudi Arabia and to identify the diabetic patients with MRSA infection. Isolates of MRSA, recovered from various clinical samples from two different cities Rafha and Quriyat in the north region of Saudi Arabia. Samples were included in this prospective, cross-sectional study from Jan 2013 to June 2017. Agar diffusion method was employed according to the protocols of Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. Out of total 800 S. aureus strains, the frequency rate of MRSA was 42.5% (n = 340). MRSA infection was found higher among the age group 20-40 years i.e. 33% (n=264), followed by 28% (n=224) in 60-80 years. Frequency of MRSA percentage in male and female was and 53% and 47%, respectively. MRSA was more frequently observed in eye sample 79% (n=632). MRSA showed resistance to antibiotics as cefuroxime (90.16%), streptomycin (59.3%), amikacin (95.8%), azithromycin (63.8%), ampicillin (95.8%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (76.4%), Penicillin G (96%), oxacillin (66%), gentamicin (68%), cefoxitine (94%) MRSA infection among diabetic patients showed significant prevalence that was found to be 30% and its alarming to stop the spread at this point. This study provided sufficient knowledge toward spread of multi drug resistant S. aureus against a number of antibiotics that were used to be sensitive before These results giving us a picture of real threat for spreading a life-threatening infection in the region if not taken serious action particularly the diabetic patients will be on challenge.