Cytotoxic Activity of Vitex leucoxylon Aqueous Leaf Extract Against A549 and NCIH-460 Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

The primary goal of this research was to determine the cytotoxic potential of an aqueous extract of Vitex leucoxylon aerial parts on the lung cancer A549 and non-small cell lung cancer NCIH-460 cell lines. The Soxhlet apparatus and distilled water were used for the extraction of the medicinal plant. The MTT in vitro assay was used to test the compounds for anticancer activity against two different lines of lung cancer. The cytotoxic activity of V. leucoxylon in the present study was very substantial as measured by its ability to suppress the growth of both cell lines. The IC50 values for A549 and NCI-H460 were determined to be 315.57 and 560.48 μg/mL, respectively. The current research confirmed that V. leucoxylon’s aqueous leaf extract possessed potent anticancer properties. Both the cancer cell lines were significantly inhibited in their ability to differentiate when subjected to the MTT assay. In future, flavonoid compounds in the aqueous extract need to be purified, characterized, and structurally elucidated for in-vivo studies, which could lead to the creation of new drug candidates.