Yilin Guo, Ying Guo, Yixiao Wu, Jun Tang, Ziyuan Liu
Color plays a vital role in revealing the formation environment and metasomatic processes of silicified coral. This study investigated the color mechanism and colorimetric characteristics of yellow silicified coral from the aspects of gemology and colorimetry. A Mako G-507C industrial camera, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis, EDXRF, and XRD were used for the 16 samples in this study. The results showed that the yellow color of the silicified coral was produced by Fe3+ and influenced by its degree of crystallization. The Raman peaks of all silicified corals were consistent with the standard spectral group peaks of α-quartz, where the yellow part was inferred to be goethite. The peaks at 545 and 505 nm, with a secondary peak near 435 nm in the UV-vis first-order derivative spectrum, were consistent with the presence of hematite and goethite, respectively. The band positions of the second-order derivative spectrum were shown to belong to one single-electron leap 6A1 → (4E;4A1) and one electron pair leap (6A1 +6A1) → (4T1 +4T1). The chroma and lightness were mainly affected by Fe3+. By analyzing the correlation between the Fe content and the characteristic peaks, it was found that an increase in the Fe content led to a red shift in the peak position of the main characteristic peaks, as well as an increase in the hight of the corresponding peaks in the UV-visible first-order derivative spectra. In silicified corals, an increasing crystallinity index is correlated with a decreasing phase proportion of moganite, decreasing Fe content in the bulk, and low chroma.
{"title":"Color Genesis and Chromatography of Yellow Silicified Corals","authors":"Yilin Guo, Ying Guo, Yixiao Wu, Jun Tang, Ziyuan Liu","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4639","url":null,"abstract":"Color plays a vital role in revealing the formation environment and metasomatic processes of silicified coral. This study investigated the color mechanism and colorimetric characteristics of yellow silicified coral from the aspects of gemology and colorimetry. A Mako G-507C industrial\u0000 camera, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis, EDXRF, and XRD were used for the 16 samples in this study. The results showed that the yellow color of the silicified coral was produced by Fe3+ and influenced by its degree of crystallization. The Raman peaks of all silicified corals were consistent\u0000 with the standard spectral group peaks of α-quartz, where the yellow part was inferred to be goethite. The peaks at 545 and 505 nm, with a secondary peak near 435 nm in the UV-vis first-order derivative spectrum, were consistent with the presence of hematite and goethite, respectively.\u0000 The band positions of the second-order derivative spectrum were shown to belong to one single-electron leap 6A1 → (4E;4A1) and one electron pair leap (6A1 +6A1) → (4T1\u0000 +4T1). The chroma and lightness were mainly affected by Fe3+. By analyzing the correlation between the Fe content and the characteristic peaks, it was found that an increase in the Fe content led to a red shift in the peak position of the main characteristic\u0000 peaks, as well as an increase in the hight of the corresponding peaks in the UV-visible first-order derivative spectra. In silicified corals, an increasing crystallinity index is correlated with a decreasing phase proportion of moganite, decreasing Fe content in the bulk, and low chroma.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerium-zirconium composite oxides (Ce0.7Zr0.3O2) have a remarkable effect on catalytic removal of carbon particles (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) emitted from diesel engine, in order to further improve the thermal stability, oxygen storage capacity and low temperature catalytic REDOX performance of cerium zirconium composite oxides (Ce0.7Zr0.3O2), a small amount of Pr and Nd rare earth elements are doped to improve the catalytic activity of cerium zirconium composite oxides. In this paper, the composite oxide of Pr6O11–Nd2O3–CeO2–ZrO2 is prepared by unsteady co-precipitation method, and the physicochemical properties of the composite oxide catalyst are analyzed by BET, SEM, XRD and ICP. The gas adsorption capacity and catalytic activity of composite oxide catalysts are measured by temperature programmed reaction technology (TPR). The results show that the composite oxide of Pr0.05Nd0.05Ce0.6Zr0.3O2 prepared by using rare earth elements Pr and Nd inhibits the growth process of grain, refining the grain, and improving the sintering phenomenon at high temperature. The addition of Pr and Nd causes lattice defects, increases the number of oxygen vacancies, and improves the mobility of lattice oxygen, namely promotes oxide oxygen storage property, gas adsorption and catalytic oxidation reduction ability. After modification, Pr0.05Nd0.05Ce0.6Zr0.3O2 has good resistance to high temperature aging performance, prolongs the service life, reduces the PM lowest ignition temperature and minimum catalytic activity temperature of nitrogen oxide, and promotes the NOX reduction rate. For Pr0.05Nd0.05Ce0.6Zr0.3O2, the lowest ignition temperature of PM is about 150 °C, and the lowest catalytic activity temperature of NO is about 130 °C. The maximum CO2 production rate is 68.3%, and the maximum NO reduction rate is 45%.
{"title":"Study on the Catalytic Activity Modification of Pr and Nd Doped Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 Catalysts for Simultaneous Removal of PM and NOX","authors":"Leyang Guo, Junwu Guo","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4679","url":null,"abstract":"Cerium-zirconium composite oxides (Ce0.7Zr0.3O2) have a remarkable effect on catalytic removal of carbon particles (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) emitted from diesel engine, in order to further improve the thermal stability, oxygen storage\u0000 capacity and low temperature catalytic REDOX performance of cerium zirconium composite oxides (Ce0.7Zr0.3O2), a small amount of Pr and Nd rare earth elements are doped to improve the catalytic activity of cerium zirconium composite oxides. In this paper, the\u0000 composite oxide of Pr6O11–Nd2O3–CeO2–ZrO2 is prepared by unsteady co-precipitation method, and the physicochemical properties of the composite oxide catalyst are analyzed by BET, SEM, XRD and ICP. The gas adsorption\u0000 capacity and catalytic activity of composite oxide catalysts are measured by temperature programmed reaction technology (TPR). The results show that the composite oxide of Pr0.05Nd0.05Ce0.6Zr0.3O2 prepared by using rare earth elements\u0000 Pr and Nd inhibits the growth process of grain, refining the grain, and improving the sintering phenomenon at high temperature. The addition of Pr and Nd causes lattice defects, increases the number of oxygen vacancies, and improves the mobility of lattice oxygen, namely promotes oxide oxygen\u0000 storage property, gas adsorption and catalytic oxidation reduction ability. After modification, Pr0.05Nd0.05Ce0.6Zr0.3O2 has good resistance to high temperature aging performance, prolongs the service life, reduces the PM lowest ignition\u0000 temperature and minimum catalytic activity temperature of nitrogen oxide, and promotes the NOX reduction rate. For Pr0.05Nd0.05Ce0.6Zr0.3O2, the lowest ignition temperature of PM is about 150 °C, and the lowest catalytic\u0000 activity temperature of NO is about 130 °C. The maximum CO2 production rate is 68.3%, and the maximum NO reduction rate is 45%.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. K. Inamdar, Shamshad A. Inamdar, Chandrakant T. Birajdar, Jaishree Bhale, S. V. Rajmane, Bapusaheb H. Shinde, S. Patole, S. Shelke, Shaukatali N. Inamdar
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are conspicuously preferred as photocatalyst among the transition metal oxide nanoparticles. It exhibited in three polymorphisms of steady state rutile phase while brookite and anatase sustaining in metastable phase. The mixed phases of anatase phase and rarely found brookite phase mostly preferred for the photodegradation applications. The economically affordable along with nontoxic nature on top of excellent opto-electronics and catalytic properties of TiO2 NPs are eminently favorable for the photocatalytic degradation of chemically complex structured numerous organic and inorganic dyes, phenol and phenol-based derivatives, passive microplastics as well as suspended matters, non-biodegradable cytostatic drugs, acetaminophen, pharmaceutical organic waste compounds in addition to water pollutants. The photocatalytic capability of these NPs enhanced by upgrading the structural and morphological nature by opting different synthesis techniques as well preparing the nanocomposites of TiO2 incorporation with other metals. The hydrothermally prepared polymeric membranes of polyvinylidene with TiO2 NPs effectively (more than 90%) removed 17 α–ethinylestradiol from the contaminated water compared to Diclofenac under Uv irradiation. As it fronting the issue of electrostatic repulsion to all other membranes surface. The grafted membrane recorded highest degradation efficiency of 95.4% and best reusability of 90% saturated at fifth recycle for Methylene Blue azo dye compared with blending and dip coating membranes. The TiO2 modified ultrafiltration membranes of Polyvinylidene Fluoride with Dopamine illustrated the 92.6% photocatalytic degradation of Sulfadiazine which is most hazardous and highly resistant to biodegradation. 100% degradation of phenol derivative by TiO2 NPs hybrid polymeric films in visible light irradiation. The degradation efficiency of heterogenous photocatalyst Carbon–TiO2 contained anatase and brookite phased for Methylene Blue dye was 100% while for Rhodamine–B higher than 99% in solar and more than 78% in LED light irradiation. The recent trends for improvisation of photocatalytic ability of TiO2 NPs to enhance the quality of water and hence the mankind are elaborated.
{"title":"Applications of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Nanoparticles in Photocatalysis","authors":"A. K. Inamdar, Shamshad A. Inamdar, Chandrakant T. Birajdar, Jaishree Bhale, S. V. Rajmane, Bapusaheb H. Shinde, S. Patole, S. Shelke, Shaukatali N. Inamdar","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4694","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are conspicuously preferred as photocatalyst among the transition metal oxide nanoparticles. It exhibited in three polymorphisms of steady state rutile phase while brookite and anatase sustaining in metastable phase. The mixed phases\u0000 of anatase phase and rarely found brookite phase mostly preferred for the photodegradation applications. The economically affordable along with nontoxic nature on top of excellent opto-electronics and catalytic properties of TiO2 NPs are eminently favorable for the photocatalytic\u0000 degradation of chemically complex structured numerous organic and inorganic dyes, phenol and phenol-based derivatives, passive microplastics as well as suspended matters, non-biodegradable cytostatic drugs, acetaminophen, pharmaceutical organic waste compounds in addition to water pollutants.\u0000 The photocatalytic capability of these NPs enhanced by upgrading the structural and morphological nature by opting different synthesis techniques as well preparing the nanocomposites of TiO2 incorporation with other metals. The hydrothermally prepared polymeric membranes of polyvinylidene\u0000 with TiO2 NPs effectively (more than 90%) removed 17 α–ethinylestradiol from the contaminated water compared to Diclofenac under Uv irradiation. As it fronting the issue of electrostatic repulsion to all other membranes surface. The grafted membrane recorded highest\u0000 degradation efficiency of 95.4% and best reusability of 90% saturated at fifth recycle for Methylene Blue azo dye compared with blending and dip coating membranes. The TiO2 modified ultrafiltration membranes of Polyvinylidene Fluoride with Dopamine illustrated the 92.6% photocatalytic\u0000 degradation of Sulfadiazine which is most hazardous and highly resistant to biodegradation. 100% degradation of phenol derivative by TiO2 NPs hybrid polymeric films in visible light irradiation. The degradation efficiency of heterogenous photocatalyst Carbon–TiO2\u0000 contained anatase and brookite phased for Methylene Blue dye was 100% while for Rhodamine–B higher than 99% in solar and more than 78% in LED light irradiation. The recent trends for improvisation of photocatalytic ability of TiO2 NPs to enhance the quality of water and hence\u0000 the mankind are elaborated.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aluminum alloy and polymer resin hybrid bonding technology is essential for lightweight mobile phone frames and automotive components. Recently, there has been extensive research on a method of bonding metals and polymer resins by treating the metal surface and then direct injection molding. However, this method requires separate surface treatment of the aluminum alloy after bonding to enhance its corrosion resistance. This paper studies the use of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, one of the surface treatment methods for aluminum, to achieve the bonding of aluminum and polymer resin in a single surface treatment step while ensuring high corrosion resistance. We conducted research to investigate optimal conditions by adjusting the process variables of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, in order to achieve integration with the polymer resin and measure the bonding strength and corrosion resistance. The surface characteristics of each Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation condition were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscope equipment, while the bonding strength was measured using universal testing machine equipment. The corrosion characteristics were evaluated by measuring the corrosion resistance in a saltwater solution.
{"title":"Study on Bonding Characteristics of Aluminum Alloy Treated by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Process and Polymer Resin Bonded by Direct Injection Molding","authors":"Muchang Sung, Bongyoung Yoo","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4678","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum alloy and polymer resin hybrid bonding technology is essential for lightweight mobile phone frames and automotive components. Recently, there has been extensive research on a method of bonding metals and polymer resins by treating the metal surface and then direct injection\u0000 molding. However, this method requires separate surface treatment of the aluminum alloy after bonding to enhance its corrosion resistance. This paper studies the use of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, one of the surface treatment methods for aluminum, to achieve the bonding of aluminum and\u0000 polymer resin in a single surface treatment step while ensuring high corrosion resistance. We conducted research to investigate optimal conditions by adjusting the process variables of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, in order to achieve integration with the polymer resin and measure the bonding\u0000 strength and corrosion resistance. The surface characteristics of each Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation condition were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscope equipment, while the bonding strength was measured using universal testing machine equipment. The corrosion\u0000 characteristics were evaluated by measuring the corrosion resistance in a saltwater solution.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141691790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hemangioma is a common cancer with severe clinical signs. Finding a new anti-hemangioma supplement or drug inside of the chemotherapeutic drug is valuable. We synthesized silver nanoparticles containing Descurainia sophia leaf for investigating the anti-hemangioma, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant effects. Characterization of AgNPs was performed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), UV–Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The plain peak in the wavelength 449 nm revealed the AgNPs synthesis. TEM and FE-SEM analyses showed that synthesized AgNPs were found to be 16.9 to 48.43 nm mean particle size. For investigating the antioxidant efficacy, the DPPH assay was conducted. AgNPs prevented 50% of DPPH in the dilation of 40 μg/mL. To measure the anti-hemangioma efficacy of AgNPs, MTT assay was applied on SK HEP-1 and HAEND cell lines. AgNPs had high anti-hemangioma efficacy on above tumor cells without any significant toxicity on HUVEC. The best finding of anti-hemangioma properties of AgNPs was seen in the case of the HAEND cell line. This study indicated significant anti-hemangioma and antioxidant potentials of AgNPs containing Descurainia sophia.
{"title":"Green Formulation of Descurainia sophia Aqueous Extract Mediated Ag NPs and Determination of Its Anti-Hemangioma Effects","authors":"Jiaqing Luo, Shuaishuai Mao, Aoyun Ren, Wei Huang, Chengmin Huang","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4687","url":null,"abstract":"Hemangioma is a common cancer with severe clinical signs. Finding a new anti-hemangioma supplement or drug inside of the chemotherapeutic drug is valuable. We synthesized silver nanoparticles containing Descurainia sophia leaf for investigating the anti-hemangioma, cytotoxicity,\u0000 and antioxidant effects. Characterization of AgNPs was performed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), UV–Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The plain peak in the wavelength 449 nm revealed the AgNPs synthesis. TEM and FE-SEM analyses\u0000 showed that synthesized AgNPs were found to be 16.9 to 48.43 nm mean particle size. For investigating the antioxidant efficacy, the DPPH assay was conducted. AgNPs prevented 50% of DPPH in the dilation of 40 μg/mL. To measure the anti-hemangioma efficacy of AgNPs, MTT assay was applied\u0000 on SK HEP-1 and HAEND cell lines. AgNPs had high anti-hemangioma efficacy on above tumor cells without any significant toxicity on HUVEC. The best finding of anti-hemangioma properties of AgNPs was seen in the case of the HAEND cell line. This study indicated significant anti-hemangioma and\u0000 antioxidant potentials of AgNPs containing Descurainia sophia.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The high integration and high density of semiconductor packages are generating increased heat in electronic devices, leading to issues such as reduced lifespan and malfunctions in electronic devices. In response, research on thermal interface materials is being conducted to address heat generated from heat sources, and various studies, particularly those applying carbon nano tube, are notable in this regard. However, in the case of carbon nano tube, there are challenges in industrial application due to the occurrence of cohesive forces through van der Waals interactions. Therefore, in this study, the characteristics were analyzed through the formation of carbon nano tube carboxyl groups (–COOH) and the synthesis of aluminum oxide via chloride (–COCl) formation. After the chloride process, a functional group –COCl was confirmed at 430 cm−1. It was confirmed that the electrical properties were improved as a result of the CNT, CNT carboxyl, and chloride process. It is believed that the electrical properties improved as impurities were removed during the acid treatment process. In addition, it is believed that the electrical properties were improved due to the increase in intermolecular forces between CNTs. Through this, it is determined that the application of carbon nano tube and aluminum oxide composite materials can be highly beneficial for thermal conductivity heat dissipation filler applications.
{"title":"Characterization of Composite Materials Using Carbon Nano Tube Carboxy Group Introduction and Aluminum Oxide Synthesis","authors":"Han-Byeol Kim, Min-Woo Cheon","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4685","url":null,"abstract":"The high integration and high density of semiconductor packages are generating increased heat in electronic devices, leading to issues such as reduced lifespan and malfunctions in electronic devices. In response, research on thermal interface materials is being conducted to address\u0000 heat generated from heat sources, and various studies, particularly those applying carbon nano tube, are notable in this regard. However, in the case of carbon nano tube, there are challenges in industrial application due to the occurrence of cohesive forces through van der Waals interactions.\u0000 Therefore, in this study, the characteristics were analyzed through the formation of carbon nano tube carboxyl groups (–COOH) and the synthesis of aluminum oxide via chloride (–COCl) formation. After the chloride process, a functional group –COCl was confirmed at 430 cm−1.\u0000 It was confirmed that the electrical properties were improved as a result of the CNT, CNT carboxyl, and chloride process. It is believed that the electrical properties improved as impurities were removed during the acid treatment process. In addition, it is believed that the electrical properties\u0000 were improved due to the increase in intermolecular forces between CNTs. Through this, it is determined that the application of carbon nano tube and aluminum oxide composite materials can be highly beneficial for thermal conductivity heat dissipation filler applications.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141691189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report an attapulgite-modified poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) based solid-state composite electrolyte film by solution casting method. The influence of attapulgite and polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) on the electrical properties of PEO-based solid-state electrolytes was investigated and it is found that an optimal 3% attapulgite and 10% PVDF in the electrolyte film (0.9PEO-0.1PVDF-LiClO4-3% attapulgite) exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 2.55×10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature and electronic conductivity of 2.25×10−11 S cm−1. Furthermore, The LiFePO4/0.85PEO-0.15PVDF-LiClO4-3% attapulgite/Li all-solid battery exhibited a promising initial discharge capacity of 120 mAh g−1, and even after 10 cycles at 0.1 C, the specific capacity values of the all-solid battery remained above 60 mAh g−1.
我们报告了一种通过溶液浇铸法制备的阿塔蓬石改性聚环氧乙烷（PEO）基固态复合电解质薄膜。研究发现，电解质膜（0.9PEO-0.1PVDF-LiClO4-3% attapulgite）中最佳的 3% attapulgite 和 10% PVDF 在室温下具有 2.55×10-4 S cm-1 的高离子电导率和 2.25×10-11 S cm-1 的电子电导率。此外，LiFePO4/0.85PEO-0.15PVDF-LiClO4-3% attapulgite/Li 全固态电池的初始放电容量为 120 mAh g-1，即使在 0.1 C 下循环 10 次后，全固态电池的比容量值仍高于 60 mAh g-1。
{"title":"Attapulgite Enhanced Polyethylene Oxide-Polyvinylidene Difluoride-Based Composite Solid-State Electrolyte for All Solid State Li-Ion Batteries","authors":"Jie Chang, Yazhou Kong, Yunpeng Zhu, Yikai Gao, Canhuang Xie, Yu Chen, Wei Qian, Shihang Hu, Guang Hu, Jianxiong Wang, Huanjun Lu, Weiwei Hu, Kailong Zhang","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4677","url":null,"abstract":"We report an attapulgite-modified poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) based solid-state composite electrolyte film by solution casting method. The influence of attapulgite and polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) on the electrical properties of PEO-based solid-state electrolytes was investigated\u0000 and it is found that an optimal 3% attapulgite and 10% PVDF in the electrolyte film (0.9PEO-0.1PVDF-LiClO4-3% attapulgite) exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 2.55×10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature and electronic conductivity of 2.25×10−11\u0000 S cm−1. Furthermore, The LiFePO4/0.85PEO-0.15PVDF-LiClO4-3% attapulgite/Li all-solid battery exhibited a promising initial discharge capacity of 120 mAh g−1, and even after 10 cycles at 0.1 C, the specific capacity values of the all-solid\u0000 battery remained above 60 mAh g−1.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The color-changing garnet displays the “alexandrite effect”, changing from green in daylight to purplish-red under incandescent light. The mineralogical characteristics of color-changing garnet is analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, an electron probe, and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The color of garnets with different thicknesses was calculated using the International Commission on Illumination (CIE 1976) L*a*b* uniform color system. The results revealed the presence of rutile inclusions in color-changing garnet. Strong absorption in both the blue-violet zone and orange-yellow zone was the main cause for the color-changing effect of garnet. The distribution pattern of rare earth elements (REE) was left-leaning, showing the enrichment of heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and depletion of light rare earth elements (LREE). As the total Cr and V concentrations increased, the area of the 574 nm absorption peak in the UV-Vis spectrum also increased, leading to a more significant variation in color ΔE*ab. The light path length of the gemstone had a significant impact on the extent of the color-changing effect. The color difference reached a maximum and the color-changing effect was most visible when the thickness of the gemstone was 5 mm.
{"title":"Mineralogical Characteristics of Color-Changing Garnet and the Effect of Light Path Length on Color","authors":"Weiming Liu, Yan Qiu, Ying Guo","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4649","url":null,"abstract":"The color-changing garnet displays the “alexandrite effect”, changing from green in daylight to purplish-red under incandescent light. The mineralogical characteristics of color-changing garnet is analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy,\u0000 an electron probe, and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The color of garnets with different thicknesses was calculated using the International Commission on Illumination (CIE 1976) L*a*b* uniform color system. The results revealed\u0000 the presence of rutile inclusions in color-changing garnet. Strong absorption in both the blue-violet zone and orange-yellow zone was the main cause for the color-changing effect of garnet. The distribution pattern of rare earth elements (REE) was left-leaning, showing the enrichment of heavy\u0000 rare earth elements (HREE) and depletion of light rare earth elements (LREE). As the total Cr and V concentrations increased, the area of the 574 nm absorption peak in the UV-Vis spectrum also increased, leading to a more significant variation in color ΔE*ab.\u0000 The light path length of the gemstone had a significant impact on the extent of the color-changing effect. The color difference reached a maximum and the color-changing effect was most visible when the thickness of the gemstone was 5 mm.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuki Ninomiya, Kosuke Kuroishi, Yuka Takagi, H. Nagata
Bismuth layer-structured ferroelectrics (BLSF) ceramics are attractive materials for high temperature sensor applications, because of their high Curie temperature Tc (300–900 °C), and the large anisotropy of their electromechanical coupling factor kt/kp or k33/k31. In this study, BLSF ceramics with a large number of layers, namely, (K0.5Bi0.5)2Bi4Ti5O18 + MnCO3 0.3 wt%+ Bi2O3 0.025 wt% (KBT5) and Sr0.75Ca0.25Na0.5Bi4.5Ti5O18 + CeO2 1 wt% [(SC)NBT5] ceramics, were prepared by ordinary firing (OF) and hot forging (HF) methods, and their electrical and piezoelectric properties were examined. Both KBT5 and (SC) NBT5 ceramics showed high Tc values of 545 and 424 °C, respectively. The OF-KBT5 ceramic had an electromechanical coupling factor k33 of 0.14 and a piezoelectric constant d33 of 20 pC/N, whereas the HF-KBT5 ceramic had k33 of 0.17 and d33 of 31 pC/N. On the other hand, the OF-(SC) NBT5 ceramic had k33 of 0.13 and d33 of 17 pC/N, whereas the HF-(SC) NBT5 ceramic had k33 that increased to 0.32 and d33 to 41 pC/N. The k33 and d33 of the HF ceramics were improved compared with those of the OF ceramics. Thus, the KBT5 and (SC) NBT5 ceramics with oriented grains were shown to have good piezoelectric properties with high Tc.
{"title":"Electrical Properties of Textured Bismuth Layer-Structured Ferroelectric Ceramics with Large Number of Layers (m = 5)","authors":"Yuki Ninomiya, Kosuke Kuroishi, Yuka Takagi, H. Nagata","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4695","url":null,"abstract":"Bismuth layer-structured ferroelectrics (BLSF) ceramics are attractive materials for high temperature sensor applications, because of their high Curie temperature Tc (300–900 °C), and the large anisotropy of their electromechanical coupling factor kt/kp\u0000 or k33/k31. In this study, BLSF ceramics with a large number of layers, namely, (K0.5Bi0.5)2Bi4Ti5O18 + MnCO3 0.3 wt%+ Bi2O3 0.025 wt% (KBT5) and\u0000 Sr0.75Ca0.25Na0.5Bi4.5Ti5O18 + CeO2 1 wt% [(SC)NBT5] ceramics, were prepared by ordinary firing (OF) and hot forging (HF) methods, and their electrical and piezoelectric properties were examined. Both KBT5 and (SC)\u0000 NBT5 ceramics showed high Tc values of 545 and 424 °C, respectively. The OF-KBT5 ceramic had an electromechanical coupling factor k33 of 0.14 and a piezoelectric constant d33 of 20 pC/N, whereas the HF-KBT5 ceramic had k33\u0000 of 0.17 and d33 of 31 pC/N. On the other hand, the OF-(SC) NBT5 ceramic had k33 of 0.13 and d33 of 17 pC/N, whereas the HF-(SC) NBT5 ceramic had k33 that increased to 0.32 and d33 to 41 pC/N. The k33\u0000 and d33 of the HF ceramics were improved compared with those of the OF ceramics. Thus, the KBT5 and (SC) NBT5 ceramics with oriented grains were shown to have good piezoelectric properties with high Tc.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141709906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Basil Almutairi, A. Al-Qahtani, Tooba Shabbir, Manisha Jagdesh Leemani, Javaid Unar, Neha Manzar, T. Abduljabbar
To evaluate adhesive bond integrity and surface roughness (Ra) of LDS ceramics following various surface modification treatments. Forty LDS ceramic disks were manufactured and allocated into distinct groups according to the pretreatment procedure. Group 1 samples were treated with HF (hydrofluoric acid) and S (silane). Group 2 uses RBe (Rose Bengal photosensitizer) S. Group 3 utilizes SECP (self-etch ceramic primer), while Group 4 employs Er:YAG laser. The Ra, shear bond strength (SBS), and surface topography of the conditioned LDS ceramic were evaluated. The bonding of all LDS ceramics was assessed with a universal testing machine. Debonded samples were analyzed using a stereomicroscope. The Ra and bond integrity values were assessed through the utilization of a two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey post hoc testing. The samples prepared with HF+S displayed the highest Ra and bond values. However, group 2 (RBe+S) exhibited the least bond strength. There were no notable disparities in the results regarding the strength of the bonds among group 1, group 3 (SECP), and group 4 (Er:YAG laser+S). Er:YAG and SECP show promise as potential substitutes for hydrofluoric acid (HFA) in conditioning LDS ceramics, yielding satisfactory bond scores by positively altering the surface morphology.
{"title":"A Surface Topographical Analysis of Lithium Disilicate Ceramics Pretreated With Rose Bengal, Er:YAG Laser, and Ceramic Primer on Bond Integrity, Surface Roughness, and Bond Failure to Composite Resin","authors":"Basil Almutairi, A. Al-Qahtani, Tooba Shabbir, Manisha Jagdesh Leemani, Javaid Unar, Neha Manzar, T. Abduljabbar","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4668","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate adhesive bond integrity and surface roughness (Ra) of LDS ceramics following various surface modification treatments. Forty LDS ceramic disks were manufactured and allocated into distinct groups according to the pretreatment procedure. Group 1 samples were treated with HF\u0000 (hydrofluoric acid) and S (silane). Group 2 uses RBe (Rose Bengal photosensitizer) S. Group 3 utilizes SECP (self-etch ceramic primer), while Group 4 employs Er:YAG laser. The Ra, shear bond strength (SBS), and surface topography of the conditioned LDS ceramic were evaluated. The bonding of\u0000 all LDS ceramics was assessed with a universal testing machine. Debonded samples were analyzed using a stereomicroscope. The Ra and bond integrity values were assessed through the utilization of a two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey post hoc testing. The samples prepared with HF+S displayed the\u0000 highest Ra and bond values. However, group 2 (RBe+S) exhibited the least bond strength. There were no notable disparities in the results regarding the strength of the bonds among group 1, group 3 (SECP), and group 4 (Er:YAG laser+S). Er:YAG and SECP show promise as potential substitutes for\u0000 hydrofluoric acid (HFA) in conditioning LDS ceramics, yielding satisfactory bond scores by positively altering the surface morphology.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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