Deinstitutionalization of the Congress ‘party system’ in Indian competitive politics

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI:10.1177/20578911231162690

Praveen Rai

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Abstract

The conference in Poona that led to the foundation of Indian National Congress in 1885 aimed to serve as the germ of a native parliament to provide a reply to the assertion that India was still unfit for any form of representative institution. It spearheaded the Indian independence movement and post 1947 ushered in a ‘Congress system’ of one-party dominance that represented a historical consensus with few parallels in any political party system in the world. Dialectical contradiction has been a historic recurrence in the Congress as ‘personality cults’ of Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi in the early years and a ‘high command culture’ later on decimated its hegemonic power in competitive party politics. The Congress declined due to a deficit of political vision, lack of forward-thinking ideas, engagement in competitive pseudo-secularism and diminishing electoral returns of dynastic (Nehru-Gandhi) politics. The institutionalization of BJP as a dominant party in 2014 coincided with the deinstitutionalization of the Congress party system. The grand old party needs to relegitimize itself by revamping its ideology, formulating a populist model of governance, creating son-of-the-soil leadership, revitalizing the party system, re-engaging with citizens, altering its politics to meritocracy and embracing new age electoral grammar.

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印度竞争政治中国大党“政党制度”的非制度化

1885年，在普纳举行的会议促成了印度国民大会的成立，其目的是作为本土议会的萌芽，为印度仍然不适合任何形式的代表机构的说法提供答复。它引领了印度独立运动，并在1947年后开创了一党主导的“国会制度”，这代表了世界上任何政党制度中几乎没有相似之处的历史共识。辩证矛盾在国会中历史性地反复出现，因为早年贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁和英迪拉·甘地的“个人崇拜”以及后来的“高级指挥文化”摧毁了其在竞争性政党政治中的霸权。由于缺乏政治远见、缺乏前瞻性思维、参与竞争性的伪世俗主义以及王朝（尼赫鲁·甘地）政治的选举回报递减，国大党衰落了。2014年，印度人民党作为主导政党的制度化与国大党制度的非制度化相吻合。这个古老的大党需要通过改变意识形态、制定民粹主义治理模式、创建“土地之子”领导层、振兴政党制度、重新与公民接触、将政治转变为精英政治以及接受新时代的选举语法来重新使自己合法化。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.