Extreme precipitation events and geomorphic adjustments in the riverscape: A case study in Southern Brazil

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Resources Environment and Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100124
Fábio Maciel Pinto, Fernanda Simoni Schuch, Débora Monteiro Brentano
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Abstract

Extreme precipitation events can cause geomorphic adjustments in the riverscapes. As a result of the increase in severity and frequency of these events in climate change scenarios, riverscapes may become more sensitive to the geoforms sculpting processes. Consequently, communities in the river valleys may be adversely affected, worsening socio-environmental problems arising from these places’ occupation. This work investigates the relationship between events classified as heavy rainfall and persistent rainfall and geomorphic adjustments in the riverscape. A section of the Itapocu River in southern Brazil between latitudes 26°25’S and 26°32’S was used as a case study. Extreme events recorded in pluviometers’ historical series located around the study area were selected and characterized. These events occurred between 01/30/2019 and 04/15/2019; 11/15/2020 and 12/30/2020; 02/23/2021 and 03/10/2021. The geomorphic adjustments were identified by selecting Sentinel-2 orbital imagery. The satellite images were applied in the river valley geoforms vectorization and correlation among transverse and longitudinal sections to the river valley. The analysis of fluvial sensitivity went through the adjustments’ significance evaluation by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results indicated that the river presented adjustments related to extreme precipitation events. These adjustments were identified as channel migration, channel expansion, channel narrowing, river bar expansion, and river bar narrowing. However, only channel migration, channel expansion, and channel narrowing were significant. In 2019, 82.03% of the river was significantly affected by the events, while in 2020 and 2021, events impacted 57.67% and 64.72% of the river, respectively.

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极端降水事件和河流景观的地貌调整:以巴西南部为例
极端降水事件会导致河流景观的地貌调整。由于气候变化情景中这些事件的严重性和频率的增加,河流景观可能对地貌雕刻过程变得更加敏感。因此,河谷地区的社区可能受到不利影响,加剧了这些地区被占领所产生的社会环境问题。本研究探讨了强降雨和持续降雨事件与河流景观地貌调整之间的关系。在巴西南部纬度26°25′s和26°32′s之间的伊塔波布河的一段被用作案例研究。选取了研究区周边雨表历史序列记录的极端事件,并进行了特征分析。这些事件发生在2019年1月30日至2019年4月15日之间;2020年11月15日和12月30日;2021年2月23日和2021年3月10日。地貌调整通过选择Sentinel-2轨道图像进行识别。将卫星影像应用于河谷地貌矢量化及河谷横剖面和纵剖面的相关分析。河流敏感性分析通过Wilcoxon sign Rank检验进行调整的显著性评价。结果表明,黄河流域与极端降水事件存在一定的调节关系。这些调整被确定为河道迁移、河道扩张、河道变窄、河坝扩张和河坝变窄。然而,只有通道迁移、通道扩张和通道缩小是显著的。2019年,82.03%的河流受到事件的显著影响,而2020年和2021年,事件对河流的影响分别为57.67%和64.72%。
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来源期刊
Resources Environment and Sustainability
Resources Environment and Sustainability Environmental Science-Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
15.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
41
审稿时长
33 days
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